Publications 2025

Gill P, Andersen MM, Whitaker JP, Kal AJ, Parson W (2025)
Birgitte Tengs case: Analysis and the wider implications for evaluation of DNA evidence given activities
Forensic Sci Int Genet, 78, 103279
DOI 10.1016/j.fsigen.2025.103279, PubMed 40393314

Gill P, Fonneløp AE, Hicks T, Xenophontos S, Cariolou M, van Oorschot R, Buckel I, Sukser V, Papić S, Merkaš S, Kostic A, Pereira AM, Teutsch C, Forsberg C, Haas C, Petkovski E, Hass F, Masek J, Stosic J, Lee YS, Syn CK, Groombridge L, Trimborn M, Hadjivassiliou M, Breathnach M et al. (2025)
The ReAct project: Analysis of data from 23 different laboratories to characterise DNA recovery given two sets of activity level propositions
Forensic Sci Int Genet, 76, 103222
DOI 10.1016/j.fsigen.2025.103222, PubMed 39848203

Gill P, Hicks T, Carracedo A (2025)
The ReAct project: Bayesian networks for assessing the value of the results given activity level propositions
Forensic Sci Int Genet, 76, 103223
DOI 10.1016/j.fsigen.2025.103223, PubMed 39794242

Taylor D, Volgin L, Gill P, Kokshoorn B (2025)
Accounting for inter-laboratory DNA recovery data variability when performing evaluations given activities
Forensic Sci Int Genet, 78, 103283
DOI 10.1016/j.fsigen.2025.103283, PubMed 40239301

Publications 2024

Agudo MM, Fantinato C, Roseth A, Aanes H, Gill P, Fonneløp AE, Bleka Ø (2024)
A comparison of likelihood ratios calculated from surface DNA mixtures using MPS and CE Technologies
Forensic Sci Int Genet, 73, 103111
DOI 10.1016/j.fsigen.2024.103111, PubMed 39128429

Agudo MM, Aanes H, Albert M, Janssen K, Gill P, Bleka Ø (2024)
An overview of autosomal STRs and identity SNPs in a Norwegian population using massively parallel sequencing
Forensic Sci Int Genet, 71, 103057
DOI 10.1016/j.fsigen.2024.103057, PubMed 38733649

Fantinato C, Gill P, Fonneløp AE (2024)
Investigative use of human environmental DNA in forensic genetics
Forensic Sci Int Genet, 70, 103021
DOI 10.1016/j.fsigen.2024.103021, PubMed 38335776

Goray M, Taylor D, Bibbo E, Fantinato C, Fonneløp AE, Gill P, van Oorschot RAH (2024)
Emerging use of air eDNA and its application to forensic investigations - A review
Electrophoresis, 45 (9-10), 916-932
DOI 10.1002/elps.202300228, PubMed 38419135

Goray M, Taylor D, Bibbo E, Patel D, Fantinato C, Fonneløp AE, Gill P, van Oorschot RAH (2024)
Up in the air: Presence and collection of DNA from air and air conditioner units
Electrophoresis, 45 (9-10), 933-947
DOI 10.1002/elps.202300227, PubMed 38416600

Publications 2023

Fantinato C, Fonneløp AE, Bleka Ø, Vigeland MD, Gill P (2023)
The invisible witness: air and dust as DNA evidence of human occupancy in indoor premises
Sci Rep, 13 (1), 19059
DOI 10.1038/s41598-023-46151-7, PubMed 37925517

Gettings KB, Bodner M, Borsuk LA, King JL, Ballard D, Parson W, Benschop CCG, Børsting C, Budowle B, Butler JM, van der Gaag KJ, Gill P, Gusmão L, Hares DR, Hoogenboom J, Irwin J, Prieto L, Schneider PM, Vennemann M, Phillips C (2023)
Recommendations of the DNA Commission of the International Society for Forensic Genetics (ISFG) on short tandem repeat sequence nomenclature
Forensic Sci Int Genet, 68, 102946
DOI 10.1016/j.fsigen.2023.102946, PubMed 39090852

Johannessen H, Hanson E, Gill P, Haas C, Bergseth EF, Ballantyne J, Fonneløp AE (2023)
Body Fluid Identification in Samples Collected after Intimate and Social Contact: A Comparison of Two mRNA Profiling Methods and the Additional Information Gained by cSNP Genotypes
Genes (Basel), 14 (3)
DOI 10.3390/genes14030636, PubMed 36980908

Kayser M, Gill P, Parson W, Gusmão L, Linacre A, Vallone P, Carracedo A (2023)
Editorial considerations for publication in Forensic Science International: Genetics
Forensic Sci Int Genet, 65, 102877
DOI 10.1016/j.fsigen.2023.102877, PubMed 37100676

Kayser M, Sajantila A, Butler JM, Parson W, Salas A, Gill P, Parsons T, Phillips C, Egeland T, Marshall C (2023)
Special issue: Forensic Genetics: Unde venisti et quo vadis?
Forensic Sci Int Genet, 65, 102881
DOI 10.1016/j.fsigen.2023.102881, PubMed 37173159

Publications 2022

Agudo MM, Aanes H, Roseth A, Albert M, Gill P, Bleka Ø (2022)
A comprehensive characterization of MPS-STR stutter artefacts
Forensic Sci Int Genet, 60, 102728
DOI 10.1016/j.fsigen.2022.102728, PubMed 35716494

Bleka Ø, Just R, Agudo MM, Gill P (2022)
MPSproto: An extension of EuroForMix to evaluate MPS-STR mixtures
Forensic Sci Int Genet, 61, 102781
DOI 10.1016/j.fsigen.2022.102781, PubMed 36182794

Bleka Ø, Prieto L, Gill P (2022)
EFMrep: An extension of EuroForMix for improved combination of STR DNA mixture profiles
Forensic Sci Int Genet, 61, 102771
DOI 10.1016/j.fsigen.2022.102771, PubMed 36075175

Buckleton J, Bright JA, Taylor D, Wivell R, Bleka Ø, Gill P, Benschop C, Budowle B, Coble M (2022)
Re: Riman et al. Examining performance and likelihood ratios for two likelihood ratio systems using the PROVEDIt dataset
Forensic Sci Int Genet, 59, 102709
DOI 10.1016/j.fsigen.2022.102709, PubMed 35459634

Dørum G, Bleka Ø, Gill P, Haas C (2022)
Source level interpretation of mixed biological stains using coding region SNPs
Forensic Sci Int Genet, 59, 102685
DOI 10.1016/j.fsigen.2022.102685, PubMed 35381476

Fantinato C, Gill P, Fonneløp AE (2022)
Non-self DNA on the neck: a 24 hours time-course study
Forensic Sci Int Genet, 57, 102661
DOI 10.1016/j.fsigen.2022.102661, PubMed 35063923

Gill P, Bleka Ø, Fonneløp AE (2022)
Limitations of qPCR to estimate DNA quantity: An RFU method to facilitate inter-laboratory comparisons for activity level, and general applicability
Forensic Sci Int Genet, 61, 102777
DOI 10.1016/j.fsigen.2022.102777, PubMed 36215939

Johannessen H, Gill P, Shanthan G, Fonneløp AE (2022)
Transfer, persistence and recovery of DNA and mRNA vaginal mucosa markers after intimate and social contact with Bayesian network analysis for activity level reporting
Forensic Sci Int Genet, 60, 102750
DOI 10.1016/j.fsigen.2022.102750, PubMed 35914368

Publications 2021

Cheng K, Bleka Ø, Gill P, Curran J, Bright JA, Taylor D, Buckleton J (2021)
A comparison of likelihood ratios obtained from EuroForMix and STRmix™
J Forensic Sci, 66 (6), 2138-2155
DOI 10.1111/1556-4029.14886, PubMed 34553371

Fonneløp AE, Faria S, Shanthan G, Gill P (2021)
Who Packed the Drugs? Application of Bayesian Networks to Address Questions of DNA Transfer, Persistence, and Recovery from Plastic Bags and Tape
Genes (Basel), 13 (1)
DOI 10.3390/genes13010018, PubMed 35052357

Gill P, Benschop C, Buckleton J, Bleka Ø, Taylor D (2021)
A Review of Probabilistic Genotyping Systems: EuroForMix, DNAStatistX and STRmix™
Genes (Basel), 12 (10)
DOI 10.3390/genes12101559, PubMed 34680954

Gill P, Bleka Ø, Fonneløp AE (2021)
RFU derived LRs for activity level assignments using Bayesian Networks
Forensic Sci Int Genet, 56, 102608
DOI 10.1016/j.fsigen.2021.102608, PubMed 34735938

Gill P, Bleka Ø, Roseth A, Fonneløp AE (2021)
An LR framework incorporating sensitivity analysis to model multiple direct and secondary transfer events on skin surface
Forensic Sci Int Genet, 53, 102509
DOI 10.1016/j.fsigen.2021.102509, PubMed 33930816

Johannessen H, Gill P, Roseth A, Fonneløp AE (2021)
Determination of shedder status: A comparison of two methods involving cell counting in fingerprints and the DNA analysis of handheld tubes
Forensic Sci Int Genet, 53, 102541
DOI 10.1016/j.fsigen.2021.102541, PubMed 34090062

Kalafut T, Pugh S, Gill P, Abbas S, Semaan M, Mansour I, Curran J, Bright JA, Hicks T, Wivell R, Buckleton J (2021)
A mixed DNA profile controversy revisited
J Forensic Sci, 67 (1), 128-135
DOI 10.1111/1556-4029.14912, PubMed 34651300

Publications 2020

Bleka Ø, Just R, Le J, Gill P (2020)
An examination of STR nomenclatures, filters and models for MPS mixture interpretation
Forensic Sci Int Genet, 48, 102319
DOI 10.1016/j.fsigen.2020.102319, PubMed 32563046

Buckleton JS, Pugh SN, Bright JA, Taylor DA, Curran JM, Kruijver M, Gill P, Budowle B, Cheng K (2020)
Are low LRs reliable?
Forensic Sci Int Genet, 49, 102350
DOI 10.1016/j.fsigen.2020.102350, PubMed 32979624

Saragoni VG, Celis RC, Intriago M, Melillán-Sanzana AA, Reyes P, Prieto L, Gill P (2020)
Overcoming the undetected inhibition of bone DNA extracts obtained by total demineralization
Forensic Sci Int Genet, 48, 102363
DOI 10.1016/j.fsigen.2020.102363, PubMed 32769056

Smith F, Robertson A, Smith GC, Gill P, McDonald RA, Wilson G, Delahay RJ (2020)
Estimating wildlife vaccination coverage using genetic methods
Prev Vet Med, 183, 105096
DOI 10.1016/j.prevetmed.2020.105096, PubMed 32907707

Publications 2019

Bleka O, Just R, Le J, Gill P (2019)
Automation of high volume MPS mixture interpretation using CaseSolver
Forensic Sci. Int. Genet. Suppl. Ser., 7 (1), 14-15
DOI 10.1016/j.fsigss.2019.09.006

Bleka Ø, Prieto L, Gill P (2019)
CaseSolver: An investigative open source expert system based on EuroForMix
Forensic Sci Int Genet, 41, 83-92
DOI 10.1016/j.fsigen.2019.03.024, PubMed 31031230

Fonneløp AE, Johannessen H, Heen G, Molland K, Gill P (2019)
A retrospective study on the transfer, persistence and recovery of sperm and epithelial cells in samples collected in sexual assault casework
Forensic Sci Int Genet, 43, 102153
DOI 10.1016/j.fsigen.2019.102153, PubMed 31505370

Gill P, Hicks T, Butler JM, Connolly E, Gusmão L, Kokshoorn B, Morling N, van Oorschot RAH, Parson W, Prinz M, Schneider PM, Sijen T, Taylor D (2019)
DNA commission of the International society for forensic genetics: Assessing the value of forensic biological evidence - Guidelines highlighting the importance of propositions. Part II: Evaluation of biological traces considering activity level propositions
Forensic Sci Int Genet, 44, 102186
DOI 10.1016/j.fsigen.2019.102186, PubMed 31677444

Prieto L, Gill P, Bleka O (2019)
How to avoid driving DNA caseworkers crazy: CaseSolver, an expert system to investigate complex crime scenes
Forensic Sci. Int. Genet. Suppl. Ser., 7 (1), 92-94
DOI 10.1016/j.fsigss.2019.09.036

Publications 2018

Gill P, Hicks T, Butler JM, Connolly E, Gusmão L, Kokshoorn B, Morling N, van Oorschot RAH, Parson W, Prinz M, Schneider PM, Sijen T, Taylor D (2018)
DNA commission of the International society for forensic genetics: Assessing the value of forensic biological evidence - Guidelines highlighting the importance of propositions: Part I: evaluation of DNA profiling comparisons given (sub-) source propositions
Forensic Sci Int Genet, 36, 189-202
DOI 10.1016/j.fsigen.2018.07.003, PubMed 30041098

Hanssen EN, Liland KH, Gill P, Snipen L (2018)
Optimizing body fluid recognition from microbial taxonomic profiles
Forensic Sci Int Genet, 37, 13-20
DOI 10.1016/j.fsigen.2018.07.012, PubMed 30071492

Publications 2017

Bleka O, Eduardoff M, Santos C, Phillips C, Parson W, Gill P (2017)
Using EuroForMix to analyse complex SNP mixtures, up to six contributors
Forensic Sci. Int. Genet. Suppl. Ser., 6, E277-E279
DOI 10.1016/j.fsigss.2017.09.084

Bleka Ø, Eduardoff M, Santos C, Phillips C, Parson W, Gill P (2017)
Open source software EuroForMix can be used to analyse complex SNP mixtures
Forensic Sci Int Genet, 31, 105-110
DOI 10.1016/j.fsigen.2017.08.001, PubMed 28942111

Fonneløp AE, Ramse M, Egeland T, Gill P (2017)
The implications of shedder status and background DNA on direct and secondary transfer in an attack scenario
Forensic Sci Int Genet, 29, 48-60
DOI 10.1016/j.fsigen.2017.03.019, PubMed 28363123

Hanssen EN, Avershina E, Rudi K, Gill P, Snipen L (2017)
Body fluid prediction from microbial patterns for forensic application
Forensic Sci Int Genet, 30, 10-17
DOI 10.1016/j.fsigen.2017.05.009, PubMed 28605650

Hanssen EN, Lyle R, Egeland T, Gill P (2017)
Degradation in forensic trace DNA samples explored by massively parallel sequencing
Forensic Sci Int Genet, 27, 160-166
DOI 10.1016/j.fsigen.2017.01.002, PubMed 28088090

Hansson O, Gill P (2017)
Characterisation of artefacts and drop-in events using STR-validator and single-cell analysis
Forensic Sci Int Genet, 30, 57-65
DOI 10.1016/j.fsigen.2017.04.015, PubMed 28628901

Publications 2016

Biedermann A, Champod C, Jackson G, Gill P, Taylor D, Butler J, Morling N, Hicks T, Vuille J, Taroni F (2016)
Evaluation of Forensic DNA Traces When Propositions of Interest Relate to Activities: Analysis and Discussion of Recurrent Concerns
Front Genet, 7, 215
DOI 10.3389/fgene.2016.00215, PubMed 28018424

Bleka Ø, Benschop CCG, Storvik G, Gill P (2016)
A comparative study of qualitative and quantitative models used to interpret complex STR DNA profiles
Forensic Sci Int Genet, 25, 85-96
DOI 10.1016/j.fsigen.2016.07.016, PubMed 27529774

Bodner M, Bastisch I, Butler JM, Fimmers R, Gill P, Gusmão L, Morling N, Phillips C, Prinz M, Schneider PM, Parson W (2016)
Recommendations of the DNA Commission of the International Society for Forensic Genetics (ISFG) on quality control of autosomal Short Tandem Repeat allele frequency databasing (STRidER)
Forensic Sci Int Genet, 24, 97-102
DOI 10.1016/j.fsigen.2016.06.008, PubMed 27352221

Fonneløp AE, Johannessen H, Egeland T, Gill P (2016)
Contamination during criminal investigation: Detecting police contamination and secondary DNA transfer from evidence bags
Forensic Sci Int Genet, 23, 121-129
DOI 10.1016/j.fsigen.2016.04.003, PubMed 27100680

Gill P (2016)
Analysis and implications of the miscarriages of justice of Amanda Knox and Raffaele Sollecito
Forensic Sci Int Genet, 23, 9-18
DOI 10.1016/j.fsigen.2016.02.015, PubMed 26971315

Gill P (2016)
A response to "About the number of Contributors to a forensic sample"
Forensic Sci Int Genet, 26, e9-e13
DOI 10.1016/j.fsigen.2016.10.015, PubMed 27818098

Hansson O, Egeland T, Gill P (2016)
Characterization of degradation and heterozygote balance by simulation of the forensic DNA analysis process
Int J Legal Med, 131 (2), 303-317
DOI 10.1007/s00414-016-1453-x, PubMed 27807625

Parson W, Ballard D, Budowle B, Butler JM, Gettings KB, Gill P, Gusmão L, Hares DR, Irwin JA, King JL, Knijff P, Morling N, Prinz M, Schneider PM, Neste CV, Willuweit S, Phillips C (2016)
Massively parallel sequencing of forensic STRs: Considerations of the DNA commission of the International Society for Forensic Genetics (ISFG) on minimal nomenclature requirements
Forensic Sci Int Genet, 22, 54-63
DOI 10.1016/j.fsigen.2016.01.009, PubMed 26844919

Publications 2015

Bleka O, Gill P (2015)
Interpretation of a complex STR DNA profile using EuroForMix
Forensic Sci. Int. Genet. Suppl. Ser., 5, E405-E406
DOI 10.1016/j.fsigss.2015.09.160

Bleka Ø, Storvik G, Gill P (2015)
EuroForMix: An open source software based on a continuous model to evaluate STR DNA profiles from a mixture of contributors with artefacts
Forensic Sci Int Genet, 21, 35-44
DOI 10.1016/j.fsigen.2015.11.008, PubMed 26720812

Fonneløp AE, Egeland T, Gill P (2015)
Secondary and subsequent DNA transfer during criminal investigation
Forensic Sci Int Genet, 17, 155-162
DOI 10.1016/j.fsigen.2015.05.009, PubMed 26005954

Gill P, Haned H, Bleka O, Hansson O, Dørum G, Egeland T (2015)
Genotyping and interpretation of STR-DNA: Low-template, mixtures and database matches-Twenty years of research and development
Forensic Sci Int Genet, 18, 100-17
DOI 10.1016/j.fsigen.2015.03.014, PubMed 25866376

Gill P, Haned H, Eduardoff M, Santos C, Phillips C, Parson W (2015)
The open-source software LRmix can be used to analyse SNP mixtures
Forensic Sci. Int. Genet. Suppl. Ser., 5, E50-E51
DOI 10.1016/j.fsigss.2015.09.020

Haned H, Gill P, Lohmueller K, Inman K, Rudin N (2015)
Validation of probabilistic genotyping software for use in forensic DNA casework: Definitions and illustrations
Sci Justice, 56 (2), 104-8
DOI 10.1016/j.scijus.2015.11.007, PubMed 26976468

Publications 2014

Hansson O, Gill P, Egeland T (2014)
STR-validator: an open source platform for validation and process control
Forensic Sci Int Genet, 13, 154-66
DOI 10.1016/j.fsigen.2014.07.009, PubMed 25178680

Publications 2013

Bleka Ø, Dørum G, Haned H, Gill P (2013)
Database extraction strategies for low-template evidence
Forensic Sci Int Genet, 9, 134-41
DOI 10.1016/j.fsigen.2013.11.006, PubMed 24528591

Dørum G, Bleka Ø, Gill P, Haned H, Snipen L, Sæbø S, Egeland T (2013)
Exact computation of the distribution of likelihood ratios with forensic applications
Forensic Sci Int Genet, 9, 93-101
DOI 10.1016/j.fsigen.2013.11.008, PubMed 24528587

Haned H, Dorum G, Egeland T, Gill P (2013)
On the meaning of the likelihood ratio: Is a large number always an indication of strength of evidence?
Forensic Sci. Int. Genet. Suppl. Ser., 4 (1), E176-E177
DOI 10.1016/j.fsigss.2013.10.091

Hansson O, Gill P (2013)
Free open source software for internal validation of forensic STR typing kits
Forensic Sci. Int. Genet. Suppl. Ser., 4 (1), E300-E301
DOI 10.1016/j.fsigss.2013.10.153

Kirkham A, Haley J, Haile Y, Grout A, Kimpton C, Al-Marzouqi A, Gill P (2013)
High-throughput analysis using AmpFlSTR (R) Identifiler (R) with the Applied Biosystems 3500xl Genetic Analyser
Forensic Sci. Int.-Genet., 7 (1), 92-97
DOI 10.1016/j.fsigen.2012.07.003

Publications 2012

Bright JA, Gill P, Buckleton J (2012)
Composite profiles in DNA analysis
Forensic Sci. Int.-Genet., 6 (3), 317-321
DOI 10.1016/j.fsigen.2011.07.001

Bright JA, McManus K, Harbison S, Gill P, Buckleton J (2012)
A comparison of stochastic variation in mixed and unmixed casework and synthetic samples
Forensic Sci. Int.-Genet., 6 (2), 180-184
DOI 10.1016/j.fsigen.2011.04.010

Kitpipit T, Tobe SS, Kitchener AC, Gill P, Linacre A (2012)
The development and validation of a single SNaPshot multiplex for tiger species and subspecies identification-Implications for forensic purposes
Forensic Sci. Int.-Genet., 6 (2), 250-257
DOI 10.1016/j.fsigen.2011.06.001

Publications 2011

Buckleton J, Gill P (2011)
Further Comment on "Low copy number typing has yet to achieve "general acceptance"" by Budowle, B., et al, 2009. Forensic Sci. Int. Genetics: Supplement Series 2, 551-552
Forensic Sci. Int.-Genet., 5 (1), 7-11
DOI 10.1016/j.fsigen.2010.03.011

Gill P, Phillips C, McGovern C, Bright JA, Buckleton J (2011)
An evaluation of potential allelic association between the STRs vWA and D12S391: implications in criminal casework and applications to short pedigrees
Forensic Sci Int Genet, 6 (4), 477-86
DOI 10.1016/j.fsigen.2011.11.001, PubMed 22153980

Haned H, Gill P (2011)
Analysis of complex DNA mixtures using the Forensim package
Forensic Sci. Int. Genet. Suppl. Ser., 3 (1), E79-E80
DOI 10.1016/j.fsigss.2011.08.039

Kitpipit T, Tobe SS, Kitchener AC, Gill P, Linacre A (2011)
Where does this tiger come from?-A robust molecular technique for simultaneous identification of endangered species and subspecies
Forensic Sci. Int. Genet. Suppl. Ser., 3 (1), E532-E533
DOI 10.1016/j.fsigss.2011.10.011

Welch L, Gill P, Tucker VC, Schneider PM, Parson W, Mogensen HS, Morling N (2011)
A comparison of mini-STRs versus standard STRs-Results of a collaborative European (EDNAP) exercise
Forensic Sci. Int.-Genet., 5 (3), 257-258
DOI 10.1016/j.fsigen.2010.01.004

Publications 2010

Gill P, Buckleton J (2010)
A universal strategy to interpret DNA profiles that does not require a definition of low-copy-number
Forensic Sci. Int.-Genet., 4 (4), 221-227
DOI 10.1016/j.fsigen.2009.09.008

Gill P, Rowlands D, Tully G, Bastisch I, Staples T, Scott P (2010)
Manufacturer contamination of disposable plastic-ware and other reagents-An agreed position statement by ENFSI, SWGDAM and BSAG
Forensic Sci. Int.-Genet., 4 (4), 269-270
DOI 10.1016/j.fsigen.2009.08.009

Publications 2009

Coble MD, Loreille OM, Wadhams MJ, Edson SM, Maynard K, Meyer CE, Niederstatter H, Berger C, Berger B, Falsetti AB, Gill P, Parson W, Finelli LN (2009)
Mystery Solved: The Identification of the Two Missing Romanov Children Using DNA Analysis
PLoS One, 4 (3), e4838
DOI 10.1371/journal.pone.0004838

Gill P (2009)
Truth Machine: The Contentious History of DNA Fingerprinting
Nature, 460 (7251), 34-35
DOI 10.1038/460034a

Gill P, Buckleton J (2009)
Low copy number typing-Where next?
Forensic Sci. Int. Genet. Suppl. Ser., 2 (1), 553-555
DOI 10.1016/j.fsigss.2009.08.153

Gill P, Puch-Solis R, Curran J (2009)
The low-template-DNA (stochastic) threshold-Its determination relative to risk analysis for national DNA databases
Forensic Sci. Int.-Genet., 3 (2), 104-111
DOI 10.1016/j.fsigen.2008.11.009