Publications 2023

Eshrati S, Saberizafarghandi M, Vameghi M, Arezoomandan R, Ranjbar H, Clausen T, Waal H (2023)
Main problems experienced by the neighbors of open drug scenes, Tehran, Iran: a mixed-method study
Harm Reduct J, 20 (1), 148
DOI 10.1186/s12954-023-00880-0, PubMed 37845767

Publications 2022

Skeie I, Clausen T, Hjemsæter AJ, Landheim AS, Monsbakken B, Thoresen M, Waal H (2022)
Mortality, Causes of Death, and Predictors of Death among Patients On and Off Opioid Agonist Treatment: Results from a 19-Year Cohort Study
Eur Addict Res, 28 (5), 358-367
DOI 10.1159/000525694, PubMed 35998586

Waal H (2022)
[Oxycodone to treat restless legs syndrome?]
Tidsskr Nor Laegeforen, 142 (1)
DOI 10.4045/tidsskr.21.0864, PubMed 35026088

Publications 2021

Bech AB, Clausen T, Waal H, Delaveris GJM, Skeie I (2021)
Organ pathologies detected post-mortem in patients receiving opioid agonist treatment for opioid use disorder: a nation-wide 2-year cross-sectional study
Addiction, 117 (4), 977-985
DOI 10.1111/add.15705, PubMed 34648218

Saberi Zafarghandi MB, Eshrati S, Rashedi V, Vameghi M, Arezoomandan R, Clausen T, Waal H (2021)
Indicators of Drug-Related Community Impacts of Open Drug Scenes: A Scoping Review
Eur Addict Res, 28 (2), 87-102
DOI 10.1159/000519886, PubMed 34794145

Waal H (2021)
ILLEGAL MEDICINE
Tidsskr. Nor. Laegeforen., 141 (8), 783

Publications 2020

Bech AB, Clausen T, Waal H, Vindenes V, Edvardsen HE, Frost J, Skeie I (2020)
Post-mortem toxicological analyses of blood samples from 107 patients receiving opioid agonist treatment: substances detected and pooled opioid and benzodiazepine concentrations
Addiction, 116 (4), 845-855
DOI 10.1111/add.15211, PubMed 32738014

Waal H, Vold JH, Skurtveit SO (2020)
Quetiapine abuse - myth or reality?
Tidsskr Nor Laegeforen, 140 (12)
DOI 10.4045/tidsskr.20.0059, PubMed 32900158

Waal H, Vold JH, Skurtveit SO (2020)
[H.Waal and colleagues respond]
Tidsskr Nor Laegeforen, 140 (13)
DOI 10.4045/tidsskr.20.0705, PubMed 32998494

Waal H, Vold JH, Skurtveit SO (2020)
Quetiapine abuse - myth or reality?
Tidsskr. Nor. Laegeforen., 140 (12), 1228-1230

Publications 2019

Bech AB, Clausen T, Waal H, Šaltytė Benth J, Skeie I (2019)
Mortality and causes of death among patients with opioid use disorder receiving opioid agonist treatment: a national register study
BMC Health Serv Res, 19 (1), 440
DOI 10.1186/s12913-019-4282-z, PubMed 31266495

Morland J, Waal H (2019)
"The entire common catalog" in the treatment of drug disorders
Tidsskr. Nor. Laegeforen., 139 (3), 240-242

Mørland J, Waal H (2019)
'The entire pharmaceutical compendium' in the treatment of substance use disorders
Tidsskr Nor Laegeforen, 139 (3)
DOI 10.4045/tidsskr.18.0678, PubMed 30754952

Mørland J, Waal H (2019)
[Are intoxicants medication for some?]
Tidsskr Nor Laegeforen, 139 (12)
DOI 10.4045/tidsskr.19.0521, PubMed 31502791

Saberi Zafarghandi MB, Eshrati S, Vameghi M, Ranjbar H, Arezoomandan R, Clausen T, Waal H (2019)
Drug-related community issues and the required interventions in open drug scenes in Tehran, Iran: a qualitative study protocol
BMJ Open, 9 (10), e030488
DOI 10.1136/bmjopen-2019-030488, PubMed 31619425

Waal H, Mørland JG (2019)
[H. Waal and J. Mørland respond]
Tidsskr Nor Laegeforen, 139 (6)
DOI 10.4045/tidsskr.19.0190, PubMed 30917637

Waal H, Mørland JG (2019)
[H. Waal and J. Mørland respond]
Tidsskr Nor Laegeforen, 139 (8)
DOI 10.4045/tidsskr.19.0296, PubMed 31062560

Publications 2018

Henriksen K, Jacobsen JA, Henriksen EM, Gomes L, Waal H, Krajci P (2018)
The LASSO Program in Oslo: Harm Reduction Using Buprenorphine-Naloxone (Suboxone®) in a Low Threshold Setting
Eur Addict Res, 24 (6), 286-292
DOI 10.1159/000495188, PubMed 30466108

Publications 2017

Edvardsen HE, Tverborgvik T, Frost J, Rogde S, Morild I, Waal H, Clausen T, Slørdal L, Vindenes V (2017)
Differences in combinations and concentrations of drugs of abuse in fatal intoxication and driving under the influence cases
Forensic Sci Int, 281, 127-133
DOI 10.1016/j.forsciint.2017.10.045, PubMed 29128652

Edvardsen HE, Tverborgvik T, Frost J, Rogde S, Morild I, Waal H, Clausen T, Slørdal L, Vindenes V (2017)
Corrigendum to "Differences in combinations and concentrations of drugs of abuse in fatal intoxication and driving under the influence cases" [Forensic Sci. Int. 281 (2017) 127-133]
Forensic Sci Int, 283, 219
DOI 10.1016/j.forsciint.2017.12.040, PubMed 29324351

Kjoesnes R, Waal H, Hauff E, Gossop M (2017)
Severe trauma among substance users in opioid maintenance treatment: users' assessment of worst trauma and clinical assessment of PTSD
Heroin Addict. Relat. Clin. Probl., 19 (1), 5-11

Nyhagen HT, Waal H (2017)
[Not Available]
Nordisk Alkohol Nark, 34 (1), 72-79
DOI 10.1177/1455072516682637, PubMed 32934468

Waal H, Morland J (2017)
Substance, punishment and social contagion- an unfortunate confusion
Tidsskr. Nor. Laegeforen., 137 (12-13), 857

Waal H, Mørland J (2017)
[Drugs, punishment and social contagion - an unfortunate mix]
Tidsskr Nor Laegeforen, 137 (4), 262
DOI 10.4045/tidsskr.17.0024, PubMed 28225228

Waal H, Mørland J (2017)
[Not Available]
Tidsskr Nor Laegeforen, 137 (12-13), 857
DOI 10.4045/tidsskr.17.0505, PubMed 28655224

Publications 2016

Henriksen K, Waal H, Krajci P (2016)
Will non-compliant 'hard-to-treat' opioid-dependent patients profit from low threshold methadone treatment? A prospective 15-month evaluation of patients on Low Dosage Methadone treatment at Oslo University Hospital
Heroin Addict. Relat. Clin. Probl., 18 (3), 23-27

Publications 2015

Bernard JP, Khiabani HZ, Hilberg T, Karinen R, Slørdal L, Waal H, Mørland J (2015)
Characteristics of methadone-related fatalities in Norway
J Forensic Leg Med, 36, 114-20
DOI 10.1016/j.jflm.2015.09.011, PubMed 26439870

Welle-Strand GK, Skurtveit S, Tanum L, Waal H, Bakstad B, Bjarkø L, Ravndal E (2015)
Tapering from Methadone or Buprenorphine during Pregnancy: Maternal and Neonatal Outcomes in Norway 1996-2009
Eur Addict Res, 21 (5), 253-61
DOI 10.1159/000381670, PubMed 25967268

Waal H (2015)
[Norway on the overdose top?]
Tidsskr Nor Laegeforen, 135 (18), 1624
DOI 10.4045/tidsskr.15.0690, PubMed 26442722

Publications 2014

Bukten A, Skurtveit S, Waal H, Clausen T (2014)
Factors associated with dropout among patients in opioid maintenance treatment (OMT) and predictors of re-entry. A national registry-based study
Addict Behav, 39 (10), 1504-9
DOI 10.1016/j.addbeh.2014.05.007, PubMed 24960556

Wüsthoff LE, Waal H, Gråwe RW (2014)
The effectiveness of integrated treatment in patients with substance use disorders co-occurring with anxiety and/or depression--a group randomized trial
BMC Psychiatry, 14, 67
DOI 10.1186/1471-244X-14-67, PubMed 24597469

Waal H (2014)
[Advances in the detention cell]
Tidsskr Nor Laegeforen, 134 (3), 263
DOI 10.4045/tidsskr.14.0015, PubMed 24518445

Waal H, Clausen T, Gjersing L, Gossop M (2014)
Open drug scenes: responses of five European cities
BMC Public Health, 14, 853
DOI 10.1186/1471-2458-14-853, PubMed 25128331

Publications 2013

Bukten A, Røislien J, Skurtveit S, Waal H, Gossop M, Clausen T (2013)
A day-by-day investigation of changes in criminal convictions before and after entering and leaving opioid maintenance treatment: a national cohort study
BMC Psychiatry, 13, 262
DOI 10.1186/1471-244X-13-262, PubMed 24131480

Gjersing L, Jonassen KV, Biong S, Ravndal E, Waal H, Bramness JG, Clausen T (2013)
Diversity in causes and characteristics of drug-induced deaths in an urban setting
Scand J Public Health, 41 (2), 119-25
DOI 10.1177/1403494812472007, PubMed 23302498

Helseth V, Samet S, Johnsen J, Bramness JG, Waal H (2013)
Independent or Substance-Induced Mental Disorders? An Investigation of Comorbidity in an Acute Psychiatric Unit
J. Dual Diagn., 9 (1), 78-86
DOI 10.1080/15504263.2012.749142

Sarfi M, Sundet JM, Waal H (2013)
Maternal stress and behavioral adaptation in methadone- or buprenorphine-exposed toddlers
Infant Behav Dev, 36 (4), 707-16
DOI 10.1016/j.infbeh.2013.08.006, PubMed 23999378

Waal H (2013)
Is sustained release natrexone an option for heroin-dependent pregnant women?
Addiction, 108 (2), 252-3
DOI 10.1111/j.1360-0443.2012.03940.x, PubMed 23331879

Waal H (2013)
[To embrace the weak]
Tidsskr Nor Laegeforen, 133 (11), 1166
DOI 10.4045/tidsskr.13.0216, PubMed 23759770

Waal H, Gossop M (2013)
Making sense of differing overdose mortality: contributions to improved understanding of European patterns
Eur Addict Res, 20 (1), 8-15
DOI 10.1159/000346781, PubMed 23921286

Publications 2012

Bernard JP, Havnes I, Slørdal L, Waal H, Mørland J, Khiabani HZ (2012)
Methadone-related deaths in Norway
Forensic Sci Int, 224 (1-3), 111-6
DOI 10.1016/j.forsciint.2012.11.010, PubMed 23246070

Havnes I, Bukten A, Gossop M, Waal H, Stangeland P, Clausen T (2012)
Reductions in convictions for violent crime during opioid maintenance treatment: a longitudinal national cohort study
Drug Alcohol Depend, 124 (3), 307-10
DOI 10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2012.02.005, PubMed 22382045

Pedersen K, Waal H, Kringlen E (2012)
Patients with nonaffective psychosis are at increased risk for heroin use disorders
Eur Addict Res, 18 (3), 124-9
DOI 10.1159/000334613, PubMed 22354141

Skeie I, Brekke M, Clausen T, Gossop M, Lindbaek M, Reinertsen E, Thoresen M, Waal H (2012)
Increased somatic morbidity in the first year after leaving opioid maintenance treatment: results from a Norwegian cohort study
Eur Addict Res, 19 (4), 194-201
DOI 10.1159/000345229, PubMed 23257574

Welle-Strand GK, Skurtveit S, Jones HE, Waal H, Bakstad B, Bjarkø L, Ravndal E (2012)
Neonatal outcomes following in utero exposure to methadone or buprenorphine: a National Cohort Study of opioid-agonist treatment of Pregnant Women in Norway from 1996 to 2009
Drug Alcohol Depend, 127 (1-3), 200-6
DOI 10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2012.07.001, PubMed 22841456

Wüsthoff LE, Waal H, Gråwe RW (2012)
When research meets reality-lessons learned from a pragmatic multisite group-randomized clinical trial on psychosocial interventions in the psychiatric and addiction field
Subst Abuse, 6, 95-106
DOI 10.4137/SART.S9245, PubMed 22933843

Waal H, Brekke M, Clausen T, Lindbæk M, Rosta J, Skeie I, Aasland OG (2012)
General practitioners' views on drug-assisted rehabilitation
Tidsskr Nor Laegeforen, 132 (16), 1861-6
DOI 10.4045/tidsskr.12.0124, PubMed 22986970

Publications 2011

Bukten A, Skurtveit S, Gossop M, Waal H, Stangeland P, Havnes I, Clausen T (2011)
Engagement with opioid maintenance treatment and reductions in crime: a longitudinal national cohort study
Addiction, 107 (2), 393-9
DOI 10.1111/j.1360-0443.2011.03637.x, PubMed 21883606

Bukten A, Skurtveit S, Stangeland P, Gossop M, Willersrud AB, Waal H, Havnes I, Clausen T (2011)
Criminal convictions among dependent heroin users during a 3-year period prior to opioid maintenance treatment: a longitudinal national cohort study
J Subst Abuse Treat, 41 (4), 407-14
DOI 10.1016/j.jsat.2011.06.006, PubMed 21839605

Lobmaier PP, Kunøe N, Gossop M, Waal H (2011)
Naltrexone depot formulations for opioid and alcohol dependence: a systematic review
CNS Neurosci Ther, 17 (6), 629-36
DOI 10.1111/j.1755-5949.2010.00194.x, PubMed 21554565

Sarfi M, Smith L, Waal H, Sundet JM (2011)
Risks and realities: dyadic interaction between 6-month-old infants and their mothers in opioid maintenance treatment
Infant Behav Dev, 34 (4), 578-89
DOI 10.1016/j.infbeh.2011.06.006, PubMed 21824659

Skeie I, Brekke M, Gossop M, Lindbaek M, Reinertsen E, Thoresen M, Waal H (2011)
Changes in somatic disease incidents during opioid maintenance treatment: results from a Norwegian cohort study
BMJ Open, 1 (1), e000130
DOI 10.1136/bmjopen-2011-000130, PubMed 22021771

Vindenes V, Yttredal B, Oiestad EL, Waal H, Bernard JP, Mørland JG, Christophersen AS (2011)
Oral fluid is a viable alternative for monitoring drug abuse: detection of drugs in oral fluid by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry and comparison to the results from urine samples from patients treated with Methadone or Buprenorphine
J Anal Toxicol, 35 (1), 32-9
DOI 10.1093/anatox/35.1.32, PubMed 21219701

Wüsthoff LE, Waal H, Ruud T, Gråwe RW (2011)
A cross-sectional study of patients with and without substance use disorders in Community Mental Health Centres
BMC Psychiatry, 11, 93
DOI 10.1186/1471-244X-11-93, PubMed 21605358

Waal H, Gjersing L, Clausen T (2011)
Open drug scenes and overdose mortality - what to do?: report from five European cities
In Rapport, Senter for rus- og avhengighetsforskning, Institutt for psykiatri, UiO, Oslo, 1/2011, 50 s.
BIBSYS 112748384, ISBN 978-82-93019-02-2

Publications 2010

Anchersen K, Hansteen V, Gossop M, Clausen T, Waal H (2010)
Opioid maintenance patients with QTc prolongation: congenital long QT syndrome mutation may be a contributing risk factor
Drug Alcohol Depend, 112 (3), 216-9
DOI 10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2010.06.015, PubMed 20702049

Bramness JG, Clausen T, Duckert F, Ravndal E, Waal H (2010)
Addiction research centres and the nurturing of creativity The Norwegian Centre for Addiction Research (SERAF)
Addiction, 106 (8), 1381-5
DOI 10.1111/j.1360-0443.2010.03086.x, PubMed 20735364

Gjersing L, Waal H, Caplehorn JR, Gossop M, Clausen T (2010)
Staff attitudes and the associations with treatment organisation, clinical practices and outcomes in opioid maintenance treatment
BMC Health Serv Res, 10, 194
DOI 10.1186/1472-6963-10-194, PubMed 20604924

Kunoe N, Lobmaier P, Gossop M, Waal H (2010)
Naltrexone implants Reply
Br. J. Psychiatry, 196 (1), 77
DOI 10.1192/bjp.196.1.77a

Kunøe N, Lobmaier P, Vederhus JK, Hjerkinn B, Gossop M, Hegstad S, Kristensen Ø, Waal H (2010)
Challenges to antagonist blockade during sustained-release naltrexone treatment
Addiction, 105 (9), 1633-9
DOI 10.1111/j.1360-0443.2010.03031.x, PubMed 20707781

Kunøe N, Lobmaier P, Vederhus JK, Hjerkinn B, Hegstad S, Gossop M, Kristensen O, Waal H (2010)
Retention in naltrexone implant treatment for opioid dependence
Drug Alcohol Depend, 111 (1-2), 166-9
DOI 10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2010.03.021, PubMed 20570059

Lobmaier P, Gossop M, Waal H, Bramness J (2010)
The pharmacological treatment of opioid addiction--a clinical perspective
Eur J Clin Pharmacol, 66 (6), 537-45
DOI 10.1007/s00228-010-0793-6, PubMed 20169438

Lobmaier PP, Kunoe N, Waal H (2010)
Treatment research in prison: Problems and solutions in a randomized trial
Addict. Res. Theory, 18 (1), 1-13
DOI 10.3109/16066350802531273

Lobmaier PP, Kunøe N, Gossop M, Katevoll T, Waal H (2010)
Naltrexone implants compared to methadone: outcomes six months after prison release
Eur Addict Res, 16 (3), 139-45
DOI 10.1159/000313336, PubMed 20424458

Wüsthoff LE, Waal H, Ruud T, Røislien J, Gråwe RW (2010)
Identifying co-occurring substance use disorders in community mental health centres. Tailored approaches are needed
Nord J Psychiatry, 65 (1), 58-64
DOI 10.3109/08039488.2010.489954, PubMed 20507263

Waal H (2010)
NISUD—progress, backlash or sidetrack?
Addiction, 105 (12), 2050-1; discussion 2056
DOI 10.1111/j.1360-0443.2010.03116.x, PubMed 21105301

Waal H (2010)
Følelser og fornuft: festskrift til Helge Waal
(Bramness JG, Blindheim M, eds.), SERAF, [Oslo], 231 s.
BIBSYS 101131550, ISBN 978-82-93019-01-5

Waal H, Bramness JG (2010)
[Benzodiazepines to people with substance abuse problems?]
Tidsskr Nor Laegeforen, 130 (6), 610-2
DOI 10.4045/tidsskr.09.0687, PubMed 20349006

Publications 2009

Anchersen K, Clausen T, Gossop M, Hansteen V, Waal H (2009)
Prevalence and clinical relevance of corrected QT interval prolongation during methadone and buprenorphine treatment: a mortality assessment study
Addiction, 104 (6), 993-9
DOI 10.1111/j.1360-0443.2009.02549.x, PubMed 19392907

Clausen T, Havnes IA, Waal H (2009)
[Overdose statistics--a complicated account]
Tidsskr Nor Laegeforen, 129 (21), 2233-6
DOI 10.4045/tidsskr.08.0605, PubMed 19898571

Clausen T, Waal H, Thoresen M, Gossop M (2009)
Mortality among opiate users: opioid maintenance therapy, age and causes of death
Addiction, 104 (8), 1356-62
DOI 10.1111/j.1360-0443.2009.02570.x, PubMed 19426288

Gjersing L, Clausen T, Waal H (2009)
Evaluering av Klinikk motivasjon
In Rapport, Senter for rus- og avhengighetsforskning, Institutt for psykiatri, UiO, Oslo, 3/2009, 86 s.
BIBSYS 093263279, ISBN 978-82-93019-00-8

Helseth V, Lykke-Enger T, Johnsen J, Waal H (2009)
Substance use disorders among psychotic patients admitted to inpatient psychiatric care
Nord J Psychiatry, 63 (1), 72-7
DOI 10.1080/08039480802450439, PubMed 19034727

Kunøe N, Lobmaier P, Vederhus JK, Hjerkinn B, Hegstad S, Gossop M, Kristensen Ø, Waal H (2009)
Naltrexone implants after in-patient treatment for opioid dependence: randomised controlled trial
Br J Psychiatry, 194 (6), 541-6
DOI 10.1192/bjp.bp.108.055319, PubMed 19478295

Sarfi M, Martinsen H, Bakstad B, Røislien J, Waal H (2009)
Patterns in sleep-wakefulness in three-month old infants exposed to methadone or buprenorphine
Early Hum Dev, 85 (12), 773-8
DOI 10.1016/j.earlhumdev.2009.10.006, PubMed 19931991

Shaygani S, Waal H (2009)
[Treatment of opioid withdrawal]
Tidsskr Nor Laegeforen, 129 (2), 114-5
DOI 10.4045/tidsskr.09.32466, PubMed 19151804

Publications 2008

Skeie I, Brekke M, Lindbaek M, Waal H (2008)
Somatic health among heroin addicts before and during opioid maintenance treatment: a retrospective cohort study
BMC Public Health, 8, 43
DOI 10.1186/1471-2458-8-43, PubMed 18237421

Waal H (2008)
LAR I NORGE: statusrapport 2007
In Rapport, Senter for rus- og avhengighetsforskning, Institutt for psykiatri, UiO, Oslo, 1/2008, 86 s.
BIBSYS 112748244

Publications 2007

Clausen T, Anchersen K, Waal H (2007)
Mortality prior to, during and after opioid maintenance treatment (OMT): a national prospective cross-registry study
Drug Alcohol Depend, 94 (1-3), 151-7
DOI 10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2007.11.003, PubMed 18155364

Kornør H, Waal H, Sandvik L (2007)
Time-limited buprenorphine replacement therapy for opioid dependence: 2-year follow-up outcomes in relation to programme completion and current agonist therapy status
Drug Alcohol Rev, 26 (2), 135-41
DOI 10.1080/09595230601146603, PubMed 17364848

Kunøe N, Waal H (2007)
Opioid overdose deaths can occur in patients with naltrexone implants
Med J Aust, 187 (1), 56; author reply 56-7
DOI 10.5694/j.1326-5377.2007.tb01124.x, PubMed 17605713

Pedersen K, Sandvik L, Waal H (2007)
Evaluation of DTES - A simple drug-taking scale
Addict. Res. Theory, 15 (6), 637-649
DOI 10.1080/16066350701433209

Skeie I, Brekke M, Lindbaek M, Waal H (2007)
[General practitioners can take responsibility for medication-based rehabilitation]
Tidsskr Nor Laegeforen, 127 (3), 296-7
PubMed 17279108

Waal H (2007)
[Substance abuse and specialist health services]
Tidsskr Nor Laegeforen, 127 (3), 302
PubMed 17288038

Waal H (2007)
Merits and problems in high-threshold methadone maintenance treatment. Evaluation of medication-assisted rehabilitation in Norway 1998-2004
Eur Addict Res, 13 (2), 66-73
DOI 10.1159/000097935, PubMed 17356277

Waal H (2007)
[Dual diagnoses and dual messages]
Tidsskr Nor Laegeforen, 127 (15), 1922
PubMed 17700729

Waal H, Krook AL, Hansteen V (2007)
[Methadone treatment and heart arrhythmia]
Tidsskr Nor Laegeforen, 127 (4), 459; author reply 459-60
PubMed 17304281

Waal H, Krook AL, Hansteen V (2007)
[Methadone and arrhythmia--final comment]
Tidsskr Nor Laegeforen, 127 (7), 913; author reply 913
PubMed 17435820

Publications 2006

Kornør H, Waal H, Ali RL (2006)
Abstinence-orientated buprenorphine replacement therapy for young adults in out-patient counselling
Drug Alcohol Rev, 25 (2), 123-30
DOI 10.1080/09595230500537209, PubMed 16627301

Waal H, Frogopsahl G, Olsen L, Christophersen AS, Mørland J (2006)
Naltrexone implants -- duration, tolerability and clinical usefulness. A pilot study
Eur Addict Res, 12 (3), 138-44
DOI 10.1159/000092115, PubMed 16778434

Publications 2005

Kornør H, Waal H (2005)
From opioid maintenance to abstinence: a literature review
Drug Alcohol Rev, 24 (3), 267-74
DOI 10.1080/09595230500170241, PubMed 16096130

Publications 2004

Kornør H, Waal H (2004)
[Methadone dose, treatment duration and heroin use in drug-assisted rehabilitation]
Tidsskr Nor Laegeforen, 124 (3), 332-4
PubMed 14963504

Kornør H, Waal H (2004)
Metadondose, behandlingsvarighet og heroinbruk i medikamentassistert rehabilitering
In Tidsskrift for Den norske legeforening, Foreningen, Oslo, 124(2004)nr. 3, S. 332-334
BIBSYS 051806622

Krook AL, Waal H, Hansteen V (2004)
[Routine ECG in methadone-assisted rehabilitation is wrong prioritization]
Tidsskr Nor Laegeforen, 124 (22), 2940-1
PubMed 15550974

Olsen L, Christophersen AS, Frogopsahl G, Waal H, Mørland J (2004)
Plasma concentrations during naltrexone implant treatment of opiate-dependent patients
Br J Clin Pharmacol, 58 (2), 219-22
DOI 10.1111/j.1365-2125.2004.02122.x, PubMed 15255807

Olsen L, Christophersen AS, Frogopsahl G, Waal H, Mørland J (2004)
Plasma concentrations during naltrexone implant treatmentof opiate-dependent patients
In British journal of clinical pharmacology, Blackwell, Oxford, 58(2004)2, S. 219-222
BIBSYS 05192708x

Waal H (2004)
Comparative overview of public nuisance features with regard to open drug scenes and different approaches taken by european countries to to adress them: Paper prepared to Pompidou group meeting Strasbourg November 18th.-19th. 2004
Universitetet i Oslo, Oslo, 18s.
BIBSYS 050422715

Waal H (2004)
Rusmiddelmisbruk, bakgrunnsfaktorer, samfunn - og "plata"
In Ubevisst sjeleliv og bevisst samfunnsliv: psykisk helse i en sammenheng : festskrift til Tom Sørensen på hans 60-årsdag, Nordkyst psykiatri, Nittedal, S. 123-132
BIBSYS 05207448x

Waal H (2004)
Comparative overview of public nuisance features with regard to open drug scenes and different approaches taken by European Countries to address them: Paper prepared to pomidou group meeting Strasbourg November 18th-19th 2004
UiO, Oslo, 21 s.
BIBSYS 061858277

Waal H, Kornor H (2004)
Abstinence-oriented therapies for opiate addicts
Curr. Opin. Psychiatr., 17 (3), 169-174
DOI 10.1097/00001504-200405000-00004

Waal H, Kornør H (2004)
Abstinence-oriented therapies for opiate addicts
In Current opinion in psychiatry, Current Science, London, 17(2004)3, S. 169-174
BIBSYS 051857405

Publications 2003

Bachs L, Waal H (2003)
[Naltrexone in the treatment of addiction]
Tidsskr Nor Laegeforen, 123 (12), 1665-7
PubMed 12821984

Lauritzen G, Waal H (2003)
Sammenheng mellom rusmiddelbruk og psykisk helse i et generasjonsperspektiv
In Det Sårbare barnet: barn, foreldre og rusmiddelproblemer, Kommuneforl., Oslo, S. 22-38
BIBSYS 03202861x

Waal H (2003)
[Tragedies in drunk cells]
Tidsskr Nor Laegeforen, 123 (8), 1047
PubMed 12760215

Waal H, Christophersen AS, Frogopsahl G, Olsen LH, Mørland J (2003)
[Naltrexone implants--a pilot project]
Tidsskr Nor Laegeforen, 123 (12), 1660-1
PubMed 12821982

Waal H, Haga E (2003)
Maintenance treatment of heroin addiction: evidence at the crossroads
Cappelen akademisk forl., Oslo, 333 s.
BIBSYS 031157823, ISBN 82-02-22651-1

Waal H, Aamodt Ø, Olsen H (2003)
[Use of naltrexone in the treatment of young drug addicts]
Tidsskr Nor Laegeforen, 123 (12), 1662-4
PubMed 12821983

Publications 2002

Bachs LC, Waal H (2002)
Naltrexon: klinisk bruk av en opiat antagonist : hva vet vi i dag?
Statens rettstoksikologiske institutt, Oslo
BIBSYS 031506704, ISBN 82-91049-34-3

Bramness JG, Bachs LC, Waal H (2002)
[Buprenorphine as maintenance treatment in rehabilitation of heroin addicts]
Tidsskr Nor Laegeforen, 122 (25), 2452-4
PubMed 12448114

Krook AL, Brørs O, Dahlberg J, Grouff K, Magnus P, Røysamb E, Waal H (2002)
A placebo-controlled study of high dose buprenorphine in opiate dependents waiting for medication-assisted rehabilitation in Oslo, Norway
Addiction, 97 (5), 533-42
DOI 10.1046/j.1360-0443.2002.00090.x, PubMed 12033654

Waal H, Dahl IV (2002)
[From "quota prescription" to drug-assisted rehabilitation--experiences with the temporary guidelines]
Tidsskr Nor Laegeforen, 122 (12), 1228-31
PubMed 12089853

Publications 2001

Bachs LC, Bramness JG, Waal H (2001)
Buprenorfin i legemiddelassistert rehabilitering: hva vet vi i dag?
Statens rettstoksikologiske institutt, Oslo, [42] s.
BIBSYS 012276391, ISBN 82-91049-33-5

Reinås KT, Waal H (2001)
Drug overdoses and overdose deaths in four European cities: a baseline report from the project Strategic choices for reducing overdose deaths : a joint project of the cities Oslo, Amsterdam, Copenhagen, and Frankfurt am Main
[s.n.], Oslo, 116 bl.
BIBSYS 011913622

Watten RG, Waal H (2001)
Avrusing: Fra vilje til medisin: avrusingstradisjonene i Norge belyst gjennom en forundersøkelse av ultrarask opioidavrusing (UROD)
In SIRUS-rapport, SIRUS, Oslo, 3, 62 s.
BIBSYS 012076708, ISBN 82-7171-230-6

Waal H, Krook AL, Welle-Strand G, Espegren O, Hole R, Lazaridis KB, Sandvold M, Moen S, Høiseth T (2001)
[A national model for drug-supported rehabilitation of opiate addicts]
Tidsskr Nor Laegeforen, 121 (19), 2301-5
PubMed 11571885

Publications 2000

Bachs LC, Bramness JG, Waal H (2000)
Buprenorfin: en litteraturgjennomgang
MARIO, Oslo, [23] bl.
BIBSYS 001486209

Walby FA, Borg P, Eikeseth PH, Neegaard E, Kjerpeseth K, Bruvik S, Waal H (2000)
[Use of methadone in the treatment of psychotic patients with heroin dependence]
Tidsskr Nor Laegeforen, 120 (2), 195-8
PubMed 10851915

Waal H (2000)
Metadonbehandling: fremskritt eller fallitterklæring?
In Medicinsk årbog, Norli, Oslo, 2000, s. 85-94
BIBSYS 042229219

Publications 1999

Blix O, Bruvik S, Waal H (1999)
[The Oslo methadone project]
Tidsskr Nor Laegeforen, 119 (2), 242-6
PubMed 10081358

Waal H, Blix O, Krook A, Olsen H (1999)
[Methadone used in the treatment of opioid dependence]
Tidsskr Nor Laegeforen, 119 (2), 237-41
PubMed 10081357

Waal H, Morland J (1999)
Addiction as impeded rationality
ADDICTION: ENTRIES AND EXITS, 120-147

Publications 1998

Waal H (1998)
[Is methadone a solution?]
Tidsskr Nor Laegeforen, 118 (20), 3104
PubMed 9760849

Waal H (1998)
[Is methadone effective?]
Tidsskr Nor Laegeforen, 118 (23), 3673
PubMed 9820017

Waal H (1998)
[Dogmatism on methadone]
Tidsskr Nor Laegeforen, 118 (25), 3996
PubMed 9830350

Waal H (1998)
Understanding the incomprehensible - Limited rationality as an approach to "double-diagnosis" patients
Nord. J. Psychiatr., 52 (1), 23-29
DOI 10.1080/080394898422535

Waal H (1998)
Patterns on the European drug scene: an exploration of differences : report based on the COST A6 project: Evaluation of Action against Drugs in Europe, Working Group 1: Evaluation of policies, policy changes and societal response to policies
National Institute for Alcohol and Drug Research, Oslo, 229 s.
BIBSYS 981421202, ISBN 82-7171-217-9

Publications 1997

Waal H (1997)
Overstating the case - Methodological comments on 'the effects of harm reduction in Amsterdam' by Buning and van Brussel
Eur. Addict. Res., 3 (4), 199-204
DOI 10.1159/000259178

Publications 1996

Waal H (1996)
[When your needs are most urgent, you will be denied help. Indistinct borderlines between advertisment, campaigns and information]
Tidsskr Nor Laegeforen, 116 (11), 1370-1
PubMed 8658420

Waal H, Duckert F (1996)
Behandling av rusproblemer: -nytter det, og hva koster det?
Rusmiddeldirektoratet, Oslo, 143 s.
BIBSYS 093968736

Waal H, Duckert F (1996)
Behandling av rusproblemer - nytter det, og hva koster det?: metoder og muligheter i kostnad-nytteforskning
In Temaserie, Direktoratet, Oslo, 1996:2, 143 s.
BIBSYS 97003914x, ISBN 82-90594-66-6

Publications 1995

Faerden A, Waal H, Rønnow S (1995)
[Long-term psychiatric patients in a sector of Oslo]
Tidsskr Nor Laegeforen, 115 (29), 3638-41
PubMed 8539723

Rønnow S, Waal H (1995)
[Increasing number of involuntary emergency admissions to psychiatric institutions]
Tidsskr Nor Laegeforen, 115 (19), 2376-80
PubMed 7667852

Waal H (1995)
[Back to a more health-oriented narcotic policy?]
Tidsskr Nor Laegeforen, 115 (9), 1048-9
PubMed 7725281

Waal H (1995)
[To buy scientists?]
Tidsskr Nor Laegeforen, 115 (6), 734-5
PubMed 7900139

Publications 1994

Waal H (1994)
Hasj: om skader og avhengighet
Rusmiddeldirektoratet, Oslo ([Rev. utg.]), 26 s.
BIBSYS 950895695

Publications 1993

Ersland S, Kringlen E, Waal H, Thaulow JF (1993)
[Lobotomy at the Gaustad hospital]
Tidsskr Nor Laegeforen, 113 (17), 2092-5
PubMed 8337667

Waal H, Kringlen E, Ersland S, Thaulow JF (1993)
[What can we learn from the lobotomy period?]
Tidsskr Nor Laegeforen, 113 (17), 2121-5
PubMed 8337674

Publications 1992

Waal H (1992)
[Methadone treatment of narcotic addicts--can it be defended?]
Tidsskr Nor Laegeforen, 112 (3), 374-5
PubMed 1553680

Waal H, Middelthon AL (1992)
Narkotikaforebygging mot år 2000
Universitetsforlaget, Oslo, 352 s.
BIBSYS 920245595, ISBN 82-00-21560-1

Publications 1991

Waal H (1991)
Nic Waal: det urolige hjerte
Pax, Oslo, 284 s., [8] pl.
BIBSYS 911047972, ISBN 82-530-1530-5

Waal H, Knutsen T, Welle-Strand G (1991)
[Methadone maintenance of HIV-infected drug addicts with immune deficiency]
Tidsskr Nor Laegeforen, 111 (25), 3083-6
PubMed 1658974

Publications 1990

Knutsen T, Waal H (1990)
[Therapeutic and health care needs of HIV positive drug abusers. A study from an emergency institution]
Tidsskr Nor Laegeforen, 110 (22), 2861-3
PubMed 2219061

Waal H, Rusmiddeldirektoratet (1990)
Hasj: om skader og avhengighet
Rusmiddeldirektoratet, Oslo, 26 s.
BIBSYS 961915870

Publications 1989

Helgeland I, Waal H (1989)
[Can adolescents with behavioral disorders be helped? Problems among young people--behavioral disorders--preventive attempts--follow-up studies--evaluation]
Tidsskr Nor Laegeforen, 109 (14), 1509-12
PubMed 2749637

Waal H (1989)
[Buprenorphine (Temgesic)--a new agent for abuse]
Tidsskr Nor Laegeforen, 109 (12), 1326-7
PubMed 2734763

Waal H (1989)
Hasj: om skader og avhengighet
Rusmiddeldirektoratet, Oslo, 26 s.
BIBSYS 900117699

Waal H, Helgeland I (1989)
[Punishment, fostering, education and treatment. An integrated model for adolescents with behavioral disorders]
Tidsskr Nor Laegeforen, 109 (14), 1513-6
PubMed 2749638

Publications 1985

Alternativ til fengsling av ungdom, Stangeland P, Waal H (1985)
Tiltak for ungdom med atferdsvansker: utredning fra "Alternativ til fengsling av ungdom", Sosialdepartementets forsøks- og utredningsprosjekt om den kriminelle lavalder
In Norges offentlige utredninger, Departementenes servicesenter, Informasjonsforvaltning, Oslo, NOU 1985:3, 140 s.
BIBSYS 851069169, ISBN 82-00-70919-1

Waal H, Bratholm A, Flekkøy MG, Wikan U, Dugstad BS, Evans TD (1985)
Barn og straff: artikkelsamling
In Rapport (Mjaavatn PE, ed.), Senteret, Trondheim, 6, 111 s.
BIBSYS 862042518

Publications 1984

Morin Å, Waal H (1984)
Forsterkete fosterhjem - et alternativ til institusjon i barnevernet?: erfaringer fra Buskerudprosjektet for styrking av barne- og ungdomsvernet
In Notat (Alternativ til fengsling av ungdom (prosjekt)), Det Kgl. sosialdepartement, Oslo, 22, 50, [14] s.
BIBSYS 842046364

Waal H (1984)
Grunnskolen og den vanskelige elev: en vurdering av skolesystemets plass og muligheter i tiltakene for ungdom med adferdsvansker
In Notat (Alternativ til fengsling av ungdom (prosjekt)), Det Kgl. sosialdepartement, Oslo, 24, 64 s.
BIBSYS 842061657

Waal H (1984)
Hvor farlig er hasj?: om helsemessige og sosiale virkninger av cannabis
Aschehoug, [Oslo], 81 s.
BIBSYS 853082154, ISBN 82-518-1939-3

Waal H (1984)
Buskerud-modellen og barnevernsplanene i forskjellige fylker
In Notat (Alternativ til fengsling av ungdom (prosjekt)), Det Kgl. sosialdepartement, Oslo, 23, 56 s.
BIBSYS 854060227

Waal H, Clementz M (1984)
Et kollektiv på sviktende grunn: rapport om utviklingen i bokollektivet "Elvesus natur og miljø"
Sosialdepartementet, Oslo, 55 s.
BIBSYS 001383213

Publications 1983

Dahl AA, Waal H (1983)
An outcome study of primal therapy
Psychother Psychosom, 39 (3), 154-64
DOI 10.1159/000287736, PubMed 6622628

Waal H (1983)
Rommen-prosjektet: miljø-, reise- og internattiltak som virkemidler i skoletilbudet til "problemelever"
In Notat (Alternativ til fengsling av ungdom (prosjekt)), Det Kgl. sosialdepartement, Oslo, 16, 65 s.
BIBSYS 842053670

Waal H (1983)
Nøsted skole- og treningssenter: en rapport om utviklingen av "Alternativ opplæring" i Drammen
In Notat (Alternativ til fengsling av ungdom (prosjekt)), Det Kgl. sosialdepartement, Oslo, 19, 50 s.
BIBSYS 842053727

Waal H (1983)
Konfidensielt vedlegg til Notat 20: UtdanningskollektivetKlokkergården, et alternativ for gatebarna
In Utdanningskollektivet Klokkergården, et alternativ for gatebarna?: beskrivelse og vurdering av et "Hassela-kollektiv" for grunnskole-elever, 11 s.
BIBSYS 842053743

Waal H (1983)
Utdanningskollektivet Klokkergården, et alternativ for gatebarna?: beskrivelse og vurdering av et "Hassela-kollektiv" for grunnskole-elever
In Notat (Alternativ til fengsling av ungdom (prosjekt)), Det Kgl. sosialdepartement, Oslo, 20, 55 s.
BIBSYS 854060138

Waal H (1983)
Hvor farlig er cannabis ?
Sentralrådet for narkotikaproblemer, Oslo, 20s
BIBSYS 951838954

Publications 1982

Johannesen IS, Kemeny S, Waal H (1982)
Fra spesialskole til oppvekstmiljø?: kan og bør adferdsskolene utvikle et langsiktig tilbud for ungdom med særlig store problemer? ; rapport om forsøksvirksomhet ved Hassel skole
In Notat (Alternativ til fengsling av ungdom (prosjekt)), Det Kgl. sosialdepartement, Oslo, 14, 40 s.
BIBSYS 832006793

Waal H (1982)
Psykiatri og barnevern: en vurdering av barne- og ungdomspsykiatriens funksjon for unge lovbrytere og andre barnevernsklienter
In Notat (Alternativ til fengsling av ungdom (prosjekt)), Det Kgl. sosialdepartement, Oslo, 8, 58 s.
BIBSYS 822227460

Waal H (1982)
Trenger vi ungdomsdomstoler og lukkete barnevernsinstitusjoner?: rapport fra studiereise i Nederland
In Notat (Alternativ til fengsling av ungdom (prosjekt)), Det Kgl. sosialdepartement, Oslo, 13, 35 s.
BIBSYS 822227525

Waal H, Stangeland P (1982)
Buskerudprosjektet for styrking av barne- og ungdomsvernet: (tidl. Alternativ til fengsling av ungdom, Buskerud) : rapport fra arbeidet frem til juni 1982 godkjent som utkast tilrapport og prosjektbeskrivelse av prosjektkomiteen i Buskerud
In Notat (Alternativ til fengsling av ungdom (prosjekt)), Det Kgl. sosialdepartement, Oslo, 11, 52,[13] s.
BIBSYS 822227509

Publications 1981

Stangeland P, Waal H (1981)
Samordning av tiltak for adferdsvanskelig ungdom
In Notat (Alternativ til fengsling av ungdom (prosjekt)), Det Kgl. sosialdepartement, Oslo, 4 (3. oppl.), 53 s.
BIBSYS 822057743

Stangeland P, Waal H (1981)
Evaluering av tiltak for adferdsvanskelig ungdom
In Notat (Alternativ til fengsling av ungdom (prosjekt)), Det Kgl. sosialdepartement, Oslo, 5, 58 s.
BIBSYS 822057751

Waal H (1981)
Rostad-modellen: et alternativ for de "vanskeligste"
In Notat (Alternativ til fengsling av ungdom (prosjekt)), Det Kgl. sosialdepartement, Oslo, 6, 33 s.
BIBSYS 82205776x

Waal H (1981)
Prosjekt 80: et forsøk på å skape en alternativ behandlingskjede for "de vanskeligste"
In Notat (Alternativ til fengsling av ungdom (prosjekt)), Det Kgl. sosialdepartement, Oslo, 7, 49 s.
BIBSYS 822057778

Waal H (1981)
Rus: ungdom og rusmidler
Aschehoug, [Oslo], 69 s.
BIBSYS 873086635, ISBN 82-03-12374-0

Waal H, Andresen AS, Kaada AK (1981)
Kollektiver: hverdag og virkninger
In Skrifter, Universitetsforlaget, Oslo, 21, 216 s.
BIBSYS 812195671, ISBN 82-00-05804-2

Publications 1980

Holsten F, Waal H (1980)
Evaluation of the drug taker. A step to an evaluation of treatment
Acta Psychiatr Scand Suppl, 284, 29-41
DOI 10.1111/j.1600-0447.1980.tb10428.x, PubMed 6935930

Holsten F, Waal H (1980)
The DTES - drug taking evaluation scale. A simple scale for the evaluation of drug taking behaviour
Acta Psychiatr Scand, 61 (4), 275-305
DOI 10.1111/j.1600-0447.1980.tb00582.x, PubMed 7446185

Waal H (1980)
Hasselakollektivene: en vurdering av tilbudet i forhold til situasjonen i Norge
In Notat (Alternativ til fengsling av ungdom (prosjekt)), Det Kgl. sosialdepartement, Oslo, 3, 26 s.
BIBSYS 822057735

Waal H, Holsten F (1980)
Evaluation of drug taking behaviour. Some theoretical and methodological considerations
Acta Psychiatr Scand, 61 (2), 127-34
DOI 10.1111/j.1600-0447.1980.tb00572.x, PubMed 7361585

Waal H, Kaada AK, Andresen AS (1980)
Ungdom og ansatte i behandlingskollektiv: en etterundersøkelse
Statens senter for barne- og ungdomspsykiatri, [Oslo], 217 s.
BIBSYS 060875143

Waal H, Stangeland P (1980)
En presentasjon av planene for prosjektet
In Notat (Alternativ til fengsling av ungdom (prosjekt)), Det Kgl. sosialdepartement, Oslo, 1, 14 s.
BIBSYS 822057719

Publications 1979

Waal H (1979)
Utredning om behandling av narkotikamisbrukere, spesielt med henblikk på fremtidig utnyttelse av Statens klinikk for narkomane
[S. n.], Oslo, 87 bl.
BIBSYS 000456861

Publications 1978

Andresen AS, Waal H (1978)
Behandlingskollektiv?: bo- og arbeidsfellesskap som alternativ til psykiatrisk institusjon
Universitetsforlaget, Oslo, XII, 207 s.
BIBSYS 874128129, ISBN 82-00-01826-1

Waal H (1978)
Psykiatriske sykehus, utviklingsmuligheter og begrensninger
Universitetsforlaget, Oslo, 323 s.
BIBSYS 755009290, ISBN 82-00-05207-9

Publications 1977

Waal H (1977)
[Ward personnel in the psychiatric hospital keeper, caretaker, nurse or therapist?]
Sykepleien, 64 (18), 1019-21, 1037
PubMed 244025

Waal H (1977)
[Occupational groups and milieu therapy - various comments]
Sykepleien, 64 (20), 1144-6
PubMed 245814

Waal H (1977)
[The new sex therapy]
Tidsskr Nor Laegeforen, 97 (4), 200-2
PubMed 841552

Waal H (1977)
[Role changes for doctors, psychologists and trained social workers during structure changes at the psychiatric hospitals]
Tidsskr Nor Laegeforen, 97 (16), 846-8
PubMed 877937

Waal H (1977)
[Process- or task oriented evaluation?]
Tidsskr Nor Laegeforen, 97 (19-21), 1001-3
PubMed 898130

Waal H (1977)
[Organization and structural changes. Evaluation of open systems]
Tidsskr Nor Laegeforen, 97 (19-21), 1016-8
PubMed 898135

Waal H (1977)
[Evaluation of changes in the structure of a mental hospital]
Tidsskr Nor Laegeforen, 97 (19-21), 1035-9
PubMed 898142

Waal H (1977)
Psykiatriske sykehus: utviklingsmuligheter og begrensninger : en kritisk studieav endringer i et psykiatrisk sykehus sett i perspektiv av sykehuset som et åpent system : rapport til Sosialdepartementet
Gaustad sykehus, Oslo, 374 s.
BIBSYS 98259030x

Waal H, Baksaas R, Miljeteig M, Sundal N (1977)
[Team work situation in psychiatric hospital wards are changing]
Sykepleien, 64 (19), 1086-90
PubMed 244034

Publications 1973

Waal H (1973)
[Drug addiction and drug abuse in adolescence]
Tidsskr Nor Laegeforen, 93 (14), 1047-52
PubMed 4755947

Publications 1972

Waal H (1972)
[Chronic "sniffers"]
Tidsskr Nor Laegeforen, 92 (10), 701-6
PubMed 5028420

Publications 1971

Kofstad J, Boe G, Waal H (1971)
[Detection of drug abuse with thin-layer chromatography of urine]
Tidsskr Nor Laegeforen, 91 (9), 654-6
PubMed 5576180

Waal H (1971)
[The present status of adolescent drug addiction in Norway. Theoretical considerations, historical development and treatment offered]
Tidsskr Nor Laegeforen, 91 (5), 367-74
PubMed 5546519