Publications by Leiv Arne Rosseland
110 publications found
Publications 2024
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Moral distress and protective work environment for healthcare workers during public health emergencies
BMC Med Ethics, 25 (1), 103
DOI 10.1186/s12910-024-01098-w, PubMed 39354454 -
A qualitative longitudinal study of traumatic orthopaedic injury survivors' experiences with pain and the long-term recovery trajectory
BMJ Open, 14 (1), e079161
DOI 10.1136/bmjopen-2023-079161, PubMed 38191252 -
Identifying excessive chronic alcohol use with phosphatidylethanol in patients with suspected severe injury-results from the IDART study
Alcohol Alcohol, 59 (3)
DOI 10.1093/alcalc/agae014, PubMed 38497164 -
Echogenic needles versus non-echogenic needles for in-plane ultrasound-guided infraclavicular axillary vein cannulation, a randomized controlled trial
Sci Rep, 14 (1), 22258
DOI 10.1038/s41598-024-72620-8, PubMed 39333575 -
How is age at menopause and reproductive lifespan associated with chronic pain outcomes in postmenopausal women?
Pain (in press)
DOI 10.1097/j.pain.0000000000003333, PubMed 39058956 -
Risk of epilepsy after traumatic brain injury: a nationwide Norwegian matched cohort study
Front Neurol, 15, 1411692
DOI 10.3389/fneur.2024.1411692, PubMed 38903174 -
Post-injury use of opioid analgesics in patients with traumatic injury: A registry-based study
Eur J Pain (in press)
DOI 10.1002/ejp.4743, PubMed 39460371 -
Incidence, severity and changes of abnormal vital signs in trauma patients: A national population-based analysis
Injury, 111884 (in press)
DOI 10.1016/j.injury.2024.111884, PubMed 39327112 -
Response to: reply to: regional anaesthesia in patients on antithrombotic drugs
Eur J Anaesthesiol, 41 (5), 392-393
DOI 10.1097/EJA.0000000000001963, PubMed 38567681 -
Depth of anesthesia monitoring in Norway-A web-based survey
Acta Anaesthesiol Scand, 68 (6), 781-787
DOI 10.1111/aas.14420, PubMed 38551019
Publications 2023
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Implementing screening for myocardial injury in non-cardiac surgery: perspectives of an ad-hoc interdisciplinary expert group
Scand Cardiovasc J, 57 (1), 31-39
DOI 10.1080/14017431.2022.2112071, PubMed 37141087 -
Reply to: exploring cardiac effects after oxytocin 2.5 IU or carbetocin 100 μg - a randomised controlled trial in women undergoing planned caesarean delivery
Eur J Anaesthesiol, 40 (6), 453-454
DOI 10.1097/EJA.0000000000001841, PubMed 37132304 -
Prevalence of use and impairment from drugs and alcohol among trauma patients: A national prospective observational study
Injury, 54 (12), 111160
DOI 10.1016/j.injury.2023.111160, PubMed 37944451 -
Haemodynamic effects of methoxyflurane versus fentanyl and placebo in hypovolaemia: a randomised, double-blind crossover study in healthy volunteers
BJA Open, 7, 100204
DOI 10.1016/j.bjao.2023.100204, PubMed 37638077 -
Regional anaesthesia in patients on antithrombotic drugs
Eur J Anaesthesiol, 40 (12), 959
DOI 10.1097/EJA.0000000000001871, PubMed 37909158
Publications 2022
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Reduced heart rate variability is related to the number of metabolic syndrome components and manifest diabetes in the sixth Tromsø study 2007-2008
Sci Rep, 12 (1), 11998
DOI 10.1038/s41598-022-15824-0, PubMed 35835836 -
Exploring cardiac effects after oxytocin 2.5 IU or carbetocin 100 μg: A randomised controlled trial in women undergoing planned caesarean delivery
Eur J Anaesthesiol, 39 (12), 928-938
DOI 10.1097/EJA.0000000000001763, PubMed 36239406 -
Long-term changes of health-related quality of life in patients with peripheral vascular malformations - a prospective observational study
J Plast Reconstr Aesthet Surg, 77, 46-53
DOI 10.1016/j.bjps.2022.10.024, PubMed 36549122 -
Patient Experiences after Physical Trauma: The Negative Effect of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Recovery
Int J Environ Res Public Health, 19 (19)
DOI 10.3390/ijerph191912258, PubMed 36231553 -
The association between age at menarche and chronic pain outcomes in women: the Tromsø Study, 2007 to 2016
Pain, 163 (9), 1790-1799
DOI 10.1097/j.pain.0000000000002579, PubMed 35239542 -
Meditative-based diaphragmatic breathing vs. vagus nerve stimulation in the treatment of fibromyalgia-A randomized controlled trial: Body vs. machine
Front Neurol, 13, 1030927
DOI 10.3389/fneur.2022.1030927, PubMed 36438970 -
Study protocol for the BUSCopan in LABor (BUSCLAB) study: A randomized placebo-controlled trial investigating the effect of butylscopolamine bromide to prevent prolonged labor
PLoS One, 17 (11), e0276613
DOI 10.1371/journal.pone.0276613, PubMed 36327275 -
Injuries after violence and accidents - the forgotten pandemic?
Tidsskr Nor Laegeforen, 142 (8)
DOI 10.4045/tidsskr.22.0261, PubMed 35635423
Publications 2021
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A study protocol for the cardiac effects of a single dose of either oxytocin 2.5 IU or carbetocin 100 µg after caesarean delivery: a prospective randomized controlled multi-centre trial in Norway
F1000Res, 10, 973
DOI 10.12688/f1000research.73112.2, PubMed 34745566 -
No change in plasma potassium concentration during 10 minutes of apnoea: An observational study on potential organ donors
Acta Anaesthesiol Scand, 65 (9), 1300-1304
DOI 10.1111/aas.13940, PubMed 34137462 -
Discharge from the trauma centre: exposure to opioids, unmet information needs and lack of follow up-a qualitative study among physical trauma survivors
Scand J Trauma Resusc Emerg Med, 29 (1), 121
DOI 10.1186/s13049-021-00938-7, PubMed 34419130 -
Maternal haemodynamics during labour epidural analgesia with and without adrenaline
Scand J Pain, 21 (4), 680-687
DOI 10.1515/sjpain-2020-0176, PubMed 33964196 -
Determination of equi-analgesic doses of inhaled methoxyflurane versus intravenous fentanyl using the cold pressor test in volunteers: a randomised, double-blinded, placebo-controlled crossover study
Br J Anaesth, 126 (5), 1038-1045
DOI 10.1016/j.bja.2020.12.045, PubMed 33676727 -
Blood pressure and cardiac output during caesarean delivery under spinal anaesthesia: a prospective cohort study
BMJ Open, 11 (6), e046102
DOI 10.1136/bmjopen-2020-046102, PubMed 34127491 -
The indirect impact of heart rate variability on cold pressor pain tolerance and intensity through psychological distress in individuals with chronic pain: the Tromsø Study
Pain Rep, 7 (2), e970
DOI 10.1097/PR9.0000000000000970, PubMed 35187378 -
Injury Prevention and long-term Outcomes following Trauma-the IPOT project: a protocol for prospective nationwide registry-based studies in Norway
BMJ Open, 11 (5), e046954
DOI 10.1136/bmjopen-2020-046954, PubMed 34006552 -
Pre-injury dispensing of psychoactive prescription drugs in a ten years trauma population: a retrospective registry analysis
Scand J Trauma Resusc Emerg Med, 29 (1), 125
DOI 10.1186/s13049-021-00939-6, PubMed 34454541
Publications 2020
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A New Real Time Clinical Decision Support System Using Machine Learning for Critical Care Units
IEEE Access, 8, 185676-185687
DOI 10.1109/ACCESS.2020.3030031 -
A population-based study of inflammatory mechanisms and pain sensitivity
Pain, 161 (2), 338-350
DOI 10.1097/j.pain.0000000000001731, PubMed 31651577 -
Ultrasonographic needle tip tracking for in-plane infraclavicular brachialis plexus blocks: a randomized controlled volunteer study
Reg Anesth Pain Med, 45 (8), 634-639
DOI 10.1136/rapm-2020-101349, PubMed 32540878 -
Perioperative Pain and Addiction Interdisciplinary Network (PAIN): consensus recommendations for perioperative management of cannabis and cannabinoid-based medicine users by a modified Delphi process
Br J Anaesth, 126 (1), 304-318
DOI 10.1016/j.bja.2020.09.026, PubMed 33129489 -
Survival and outcome in patients with aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage in Glasgow coma score 3-5
Acta Neurochir (Wien), 162 (3), 533-544
DOI 10.1007/s00701-019-04190-y, PubMed 31980948 -
Accuracy and trending abilities of finger plethysmographic blood pressure and cardiac output compared to invasive measurements during caesarean delivery in healthy women: an observational study
BMC Anesthesiol, 20 (1), 157
DOI 10.1186/s12871-020-01078-8, PubMed 32593297 -
Corrigendum to: Are labor pain and birth experience associated with persistent pain and postpartum depression? A prospective cohort study
Scand J Pain, 20 (4), 865
DOI 10.1515/sjpain-2020-2023, PubMed 32892193 -
Reply: Response to Letter to the Editor "Labor pain, birth experience and postpartum depression"
Scand J Pain, 20 (4), 861-863
DOI 10.1515/sjpain-2020-0130, PubMed 32975207 -
Are labor pain and birth experience associated with persistent pain and postpartum depression? A prospective cohort study
Scand J Pain, 20 (3), 591-602
DOI 10.1515/sjpain-2020-0025, PubMed 32469334
Publications 2019
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Quality of life in patients with vascular malformations outside the central nervous system: Comparison with the general Norwegian population
J Plast Reconstr Aesthet Surg, 72 (12), 1880-1886
DOI 10.1016/j.bjps.2019.09.024, PubMed 31636028 -
On the Performance of Hierarchical Temporal Memory Predictions of Medical Streams in Real Time
INT SYM MED INFORM, 157-162 -
Needle tip tracking for ultrasound-guided peripheral nerve block procedures-An observer blinded, randomised, controlled, crossover study on a phantom model
Acta Anaesthesiol Scand, 63 (8), 1055-1062
DOI 10.1111/aas.13379, PubMed 31037724 -
The effect of needle tip tracking on procedural time of ultrasound-guided lumbar plexus block: a randomised controlled trial
Anaesthesia, 75 (1), 72-79
DOI 10.1111/anae.14846, PubMed 31506918
Publications 2018
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Post-traumatic stress symptoms in family caregivers of intensive care unit patients: A longitudinal study
Intensive Crit Care Nurs, 50, 5-10
DOI 10.1016/j.iccn.2018.05.007, PubMed 29937075 -
Quality of life in family caregivers of patients in the intensive care unit: A longitudinal study
Aust Crit Care, 32 (6), 479-485
DOI 10.1016/j.aucc.2018.09.005, PubMed 30503245 -
Chronic pain-related changes in cardiovascular regulation and impact on comorbid hypertension in a general population: the Tromsø study
Pain, 159 (1), 119-127
DOI 10.1097/j.pain.0000000000001070, PubMed 28953193 -
A three minutes supine position test reveals higher risk of spinal anesthesia induced hypotension during cesarean delivery. An observational study
F1000Res, 7, 1028
DOI 10.12688/f1000research.15142.1, PubMed 30135733 -
Effects of Adrenaline on maternal and fetal fentanyl absorption in epidural analgesia: A randomized trial
Acta Anaesthesiol Scand, 62 (9), 1267-1273
DOI 10.1111/aas.13175, PubMed 29943508 -
The Analgesic Effect of Ultrasound-Guided Quadratus Lumborum Block After Cesarean Delivery: A Randomized Clinical Trial
Anesth Analg, 126 (2), 559-565
DOI 10.1213/ANE.0000000000002648, PubMed 29135590 -
Randomized controlled trial of intra-articular ketorolac on pain and inflammation after minor arthroscopic knee surgery
Acta Anaesthesiol Scand, 62 (6), 829-838
DOI 10.1111/aas.13104, PubMed 29512121
Publications 2017
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Multiple Symptoms in Family Caregivers of Intensive Care Unit Patients
J Pain Symptom Manage, 55 (2), 387-394
DOI 10.1016/j.jpainsymman.2017.08.018, PubMed 28864399 -
Higher physical activity and lower pain levels before surgery predict non-improvement of knee pain 1 year after TKA
Knee Surg Sports Traumatol Arthrosc, 26 (6), 1698-1708
DOI 10.1007/s00167-017-4713-5, PubMed 28916991 -
The Impact of Demographic, Clinical, Symptom and Psychological Characteristics on the Trajectories of Acute Postoperative Pain After Total Knee Arthroplasty
Pain Med, 18 (1), 124-139
DOI 10.1093/pm/pnw080, PubMed 27165969 -
The relationship between pain with walking and self-rated health 12 months following total knee arthroplasty: a longitudinal study
BMC Musculoskelet Disord, 18 (1), 75
DOI 10.1186/s12891-017-1430-7, PubMed 28183297 -
What Influence on Early Postoperative Pain Intensity after Total Knee Arthroplasty?
Travmatol. Ortop. Ross., 23 (1), 45-58
DOI 10.21823/2311-2905-2017-23-1-45-58 -
Women report higher pain intensity at a lower level of inflammation after knee surgery compared with men
Pain Rep, 2 (3), e595
DOI 10.1097/PR9.0000000000000595, PubMed 29392211
Publications 2016
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Prolonging the duration of single-shot intrathecal labour analgesia with morphine: A systematic review
Scand J Pain, 13, 36-42
DOI 10.1016/j.sjpain.2016.06.010, PubMed 28850533 -
High Risk of Postoperative Urinary Retention in 1-Year-Old Cleft Palate Patients: An Observational Study
J Perianesth Nurs, 31 (1), 41-8
DOI 10.1016/j.jopan.2014.05.016, PubMed 26847779 -
Factors Related to Postoperative Pain Trajectories following Total Knee Arthroplasty: A Longitudinal Study of Patients Admitted to a Russian Orthopaedic Clinic
Pain Res Treat, 2016, 3710312
DOI 10.1155/2016/3710312, PubMed 26885390 -
Hemodynamics of Phenylephrine Infusion Versus Lower Extremity Compression During Spinal Anesthesia for Cesarean Delivery: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Study
Anesth Analg, 122 (4), 1120-9
DOI 10.1213/ANE.0000000000001174, PubMed 26991619 -
Factors that can predict pain with walking, 12 months after total knee arthroplasty
Acta Orthop, 87 (6), 600-606
DOI 10.1080/17453674.2016.1237440, PubMed 27658970 -
Preoperative Pain, Symptoms, and Psychological Factors related to Higher Acute Pain Trajectories during Hospitalization for Total Knee Arthroplasty
PLoS One, 11 (9), e0161681
DOI 10.1371/journal.pone.0161681, PubMed 27583551 -
Why do we have opioid-receptors in peripheral tissues? Not for relief of pain by opioids
Scand J Pain, 11, 132-134
DOI 10.1016/j.sjpain.2016.01.003, PubMed 28850453
Publications 2015
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The effect of tracheotomy on drug consumption in patients with acute aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage: an observational study
BMC Anesthesiol, 15, 47
DOI 10.1186/s12871-015-0029-5, PubMed 25883531 -
An improved artifact removal algorithm for continuous cardiac output and blood pressure recordings
Annu Int Conf IEEE Eng Med Biol Soc, 2015, 5968-72
DOI 10.1109/EMBC.2015.7319751, PubMed 26737651
Publications 2014
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A secondary analysis of a randomized placebo-controlled trial comparing the analgesic effects of oxytocin with carbetocin: postcesarean delivery morphine equivalents
Anesth Analg, 119 (4), 1004
DOI 10.1213/ANE.0000000000000372, PubMed 25232698 -
Chronic pain and cardiovascular stress responses in a general population: the Tromsø Study
J Behav Med, 37 (6), 1193-201
DOI 10.1007/s10865-014-9568-3, PubMed 24793322
Publications 2013
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Statistical pearls: Importance of effect-size, blinding, randomization, publication bias, and the overestimated p-values
Scand J Pain, 4 (4), 217-219
DOI 10.1016/j.sjpain.2013.08.001, PubMed 29913631 -
Gender differences in blood pressure-related hypoalgesia in a general population: the Tromsø Study
J Pain, 14 (7), 699-708
DOI 10.1016/j.jpain.2013.01.780, PubMed 23809360 -
Changes in blood pressure and cardiac output during cesarean delivery: the effects of oxytocin and carbetocin compared with placebo
Anesthesiology, 119 (3), 541-51
DOI 10.1097/ALN.0b013e31829416dd, PubMed 23598289 -
Multimodal pain management with glucocorticoids: killing two birds with one stone or shooting sparrows with cannons?
Acta Anaesthesiol Scand, 57 (7), 819-22
DOI 10.1111/aas.12139, PubMed 23822161
Publications 2012
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Changes in blood pressure during healthy pregnancy: a longitudinal cohort study
J Hypertens, 30 (2), 342-50
DOI 10.1097/HJH.0b013e32834f0b1c, PubMed 22179091 -
Hypertension prevalence and diminished blood pressure-related hypoalgesia in individuals reporting chronic pain in a general population: the Tromsø study
Pain, 154 (2), 257-262
DOI 10.1016/j.pain.2012.10.020, PubMed 23245863
Publications 2011
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Paratracheal placement of orotracheal tube: a complication when aborting percutaneous tracheotomy
Acta Anaesthesiol Scand, 55 (7), 897-8
DOI 10.1111/j.1399-6576.2011.02438.x, PubMed 21749335 -
Changes in pulmonary function during pregnancy: a longitudinal cohort study
BJOG, 119 (1), 94-101
DOI 10.1111/j.1471-0528.2011.03158.x, PubMed 22004272 -
Haemodynamic effects of oxytocin in women with severe preeclampsia
Int J Obstet Anesth, 20 (1), 26-9
DOI 10.1016/j.ijoa.2010.10.004, PubMed 21224021 -
Percutaneous dilatational tracheotomy in intensive care unit patients with increased bleeding risk or obesity. A prospective analysis of 1000 procedures
Acta Anaesthesiol Scand, 55 (7), 835-41
DOI 10.1111/j.1399-6576.2011.02458.x, PubMed 21615346
Publications 2010
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[Anaesthesia for Caesarean section]
Tidsskr Nor Laegeforen, 130 (7), 748-51
DOI 10.4045/tidsskr.08.0282, PubMed 20379338 -
Why we publish negative studies - and prescriptions on how to do clinical pain trials well
Scand J Pain, 1 (2), 98-99
DOI 10.1016/j.sjpain.2010.01.009, PubMed 29913938 -
Long-term pain and disturbed sensation after plastic surgery
Scand J Pain, 1 (2), 73-74
DOI 10.1016/j.sjpain.2010.01.011, PubMed 29913942
Publications 2009
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Regional anaesthesia for a Caesarean section in women with cardiac disease: a prospective study
Acta Anaesthesiol Scand, 54 (1), 46-54
DOI 10.1111/j.1399-6576.2009.02080.x, PubMed 19764910 -
Haemodynamic effects of repeated doses of oxytocin during Caesarean delivery in healthy parturients
Br J Anaesth, 103 (2), 260-2
DOI 10.1093/bja/aep137, PubMed 19502285 -
Low-dose versus a Higher-dose Bupivacaine Spinal Anesthesia for Cesarean Delivery Reply
Anesthesiology, 111 (1), 213-215
DOI 10.1097/ALN.0b013e3181a977e8
Publications 2008
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Assessment of pain
Br J Anaesth, 101 (1), 17-24
DOI 10.1093/bja/aen103, PubMed 18487245 -
[Do women with Caesarean section have to choose between pain relief and breastfeeding?]
Tidsskr Nor Laegeforen, 128 (19), 2190-2
PubMed 18846143 -
Continuous invasive blood pressure and cardiac output monitoring during cesarean delivery: a randomized, double-blind comparison of low-dose versus high-dose spinal anesthesia with intravenous phenylephrine or placebo infusion
Anesthesiology, 109 (5), 856-63
DOI 10.1097/ALN.0b013e31818a401f, PubMed 18946298 -
Pain and disability 1 year after knee arthroscopic procedures
Acta Anaesthesiol Scand, 52 (3), 332-7
DOI 10.1111/j.1399-6576.2007.01541.x, PubMed 18269385
Publications 2007
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Reliability of an automatic ultrasound system for detecting postpartum urinary retention after vaginal birth
Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand, 86 (10), 1251-5
DOI 10.1080/00016340701621478, PubMed 17851812 -
Patient's sex modifies the perception of pain after knee arthroscopy
Salud Cienc., 15 (2), 536-539 -
Synovial fluid concentration of prostaglandin E2 correlates with pain intensity after knee arthroscopic procedures
Anesth Analg, 104 (2), 460-1
DOI 10.1213/01.ane.0000253160.08211.a3, PubMed 17242120 -
Intra-articular morphine in acute pain trials
Reg Anesth Pain Med, 32 (2), 176-7
DOI 10.1016/j.rapm.2006.12.004, PubMed 17350539
Publications 2006
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Hemodynamic effects of oxytocin during cesarean delivery
Int J Gynaecol Obstet, 95 (1), 46-7
DOI 10.1016/j.ijgo.2006.05.032, PubMed 16920118 -
Maternal hemodynamics during cesarean delivery
Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand, 85 (1), 126; author reply 126
PubMed 16521695 -
Adding propacetamol to ketorolac increases the tolerance to painful pressure
Eur J Pain, 10 (3), 177-83
DOI 10.1016/j.ejpain.2005.03.003, PubMed 16490726 -
Intra-articular morphine 5 mg after knee arthroscopy does not produce significant pain relief when administered to patients with moderate to severe pain via an intra-articular catheter
Reg Anesth Pain Med, 31 (6), 506-13
DOI 10.1016/j.rapm.2006.06.206, PubMed 17138192
Publications 2005
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No evidence for analgesic effect of intra-articular morphine after knee arthroscopy: a qualitative systematic review
Reg Anesth Pain Med, 30 (1), 83-98
DOI 10.1016/j.rapm.2004.08.022, PubMed 15690273 -
Monitoring urinary bladder volume and detecting post-operative urinary retention in children with an ultrasound scanner
Acta Anaesthesiol Scand, 49 (10), 1456-9
DOI 10.1111/j.1399-6576.2005.00817.x, PubMed 16223389
Publications 2004
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Moderate-to-severe pain after knee arthroscopy is relieved by intraarticular saline: a randomized controlled trial
Anesth Analg, 98 (6), 1546-1551
DOI 10.1213/01.ANE.0000112433.71197.FA, PubMed 15155303 -
Gender is a confounding factor in pain trials: women report more pain than men after arthroscopic surgery
Pain, 112 (3), 248-253
DOI 10.1016/j.pain.2004.08.028, PubMed 15561379
Publications 2003
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Effective pain relief from intra-articular saline with or without morphine 2 mg in patients with moderate-to-severe pain after knee arthroscopy: a randomized, double-blind controlled clinical study
Acta Anaesthesiol Scand, 47 (6), 732-8
DOI 10.1034/j.1399-6576.2003.00155.x, PubMed 12803592 -
Intra-articular (IA) catheter administration of postoperative analgesics. A new trial design allows evaluation of baseline pain, demonstrates large variation in need of analgesics, and finds no analgesic effect of IA ketamine compared with IA saline
Pain, 104 (1-2), 25-34
DOI 10.1016/s0304-3959(02)00463-3, PubMed 12855311
Publications 2002
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[The dying patient's preferences when end-of-life decisions are made]
Tidsskr Nor Laegeforen, 122 (3), 293-5
PubMed 11894600 -
Detecting postoperative urinary retention with an ultrasound scanner
Acta Anaesthesiol Scand, 46 (3), 279-82
DOI 10.1034/j.1399-6576.2002.t01-1-460309.x, PubMed 11939918 -
[Postoperative urinary retention]
Tidsskr Nor Laegeforen, 122 (9), 902-4
PubMed 12082832
Publications 1999
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Intra-articular morphine for pain relief after knee arthroscopy
Acta Anaesthesiol Scand, 43 (3), 252-7
DOI 10.1034/j.1399-6576.1999.430303.x, PubMed 10081529
Publications 1997
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[Serious streptococcal infections of the head and neck region]
Tidsskr Nor Laegeforen, 117 (1), 32-5
PubMed 9064807
Publications 1995
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[Central venous catheter. Better routine for placing of catheters]
Tidsskr Nor Laegeforen, 115 (2), 222-3
PubMed 7855816
Publications 1990
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Coding guidelines for ICD-9 section on mental disorders and reliability of chart clinical diagnoses
Acta Psychiatr Scand, 81 (1), 62-7
DOI 10.1111/j.1600-0447.1990.tb06450.x, PubMed 2330831