
Reidar Fossmark
- Consultant; MD, PhD
Mini CV
Education:
- MD University of Oslo (1998)
- PhD Norwegian University of Science and Technology (2004)
- Norwegian clinical specialist accreditations:
Gastroenterology and Internal Medicine (2010)
Current positions:
Consultant, Department of Gastroenterology, Oslo University Hospital.
Professor, Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, NTNU, Trondheim. https://www.ntnu.edu/employees/reidar.fossmark
Publications 2024
Ex Vivo Demonstration of a Novel Dual-Frequency Ultrasound Method for Quantitative Measurements of Liver Fat Content
Ultrasound Med Biol, 51 (1), 159-168
DOI 10.1016/j.ultrasmedbio.2024.09.019, PubMed 39424495
Epstein-Barr Virus and Clinico-Endoscopic Characteristics of Gastric Remnant Cancers Compared to Proximal Non-Remnant Cancers: A Population-Based Study
Cancers (Basel), 16 (11)
DOI 10.3390/cancers16112000, PubMed 38893119
Changes in the Gastrointestinal Microbiota Induced by Proton Pump Inhibitors-A Review of Findings from Experimental Trials
Microorganisms, 12 (6)
DOI 10.3390/microorganisms12061110, PubMed 38930492
Early Gastric Cancers in Central Norway 2001 to 2016-A Population-Based Study
Cancers (Basel), 16 (6)
DOI 10.3390/cancers16061222, PubMed 38539555
Esophageal cancers missed at upper endoscopy in Central Norway 2004 to 2021 - A population-based study
BMC Gastroenterol, 24 (1), 279
DOI 10.1186/s12876-024-03371-z, PubMed 39169296
Eradication of Helicobacter pylori by a potassium-competitive acid blocker alone?
Scand J Gastroenterol, 1-3 (in press)
DOI 10.1080/00365521.2024.2444477, PubMed 39722595
Publications 2023
Survival Trends in Patients with Small Intestinal Neuroendocrine Tumours-A Cohort Study in Central Norway
Cancers (Basel), 15 (13)
DOI 10.3390/cancers15133272, PubMed 37444383
Laser lithotripsy for the treatment of a giant fecalith obstructing a colorectal anastomosis
Endoscopy, 55 (S 01), E568-E569
DOI 10.1055/a-2040-3868, PubMed 36958354
The impact of proton pump inhibitors on the course of ulcerative colitis: a cohort study of over 10,000 newly diagnosed patients in Norway
Scand J Gastroenterol, 59 (1), 46-51
DOI 10.1080/00365521.2023.2255710, PubMed 37681998
Is empiric proton pump inhibition in patients with symptoms of extraesophageal gastroesophageal reflux justified?
BMC Gastroenterol, 23 (1), 303
DOI 10.1186/s12876-023-02945-7, PubMed 37674110
Gastric remnant cancer and long-term survival in Central Norway 2001 to 2016 - A population-based study
Surg Oncol, 51, 102008
DOI 10.1016/j.suronc.2023.102008, PubMed 37866308
Inflammation and Digestive Cancer
Int J Mol Sci, 24 (17)
DOI 10.3390/ijms241713503, PubMed 37686307
Publications 2022
Safety and Efficacy of Local Tranexamic Acid for the Prevention of Surgical Bleeding in Soft-Tissue Surgery: A Review of the Literature and Recommendations for Plastic Surgery
Plast Reconstr Surg, 149 (3), 774-787
DOI 10.1097/PRS.0000000000008884, PubMed 35196701
Do Gastric Signet Ring Cell Carcinomas and ECL-Cell Neuroendocrine Tumours Have a Common Origin?
Medicina (Kaunas), 58 (4)
DOI 10.3390/medicina58040470, PubMed 35454309
Hypergastrinemia and mortality in gastric adenocarcinoma: a population-based cohort study, the HUNT study
Scand J Gastroenterol, 57 (5), 558-565
DOI 10.1080/00365521.2022.2026462, PubMed 35068320
Reply to "Too Soon to Dismiss Inflammation-Related Differences in the Mucosa-Associated Microbiota in Crohn's Disease Patients"
Inflamm Bowel Dis, 28 (8), e121
DOI 10.1093/ibd/izac047, PubMed 35460413
The ileal fungal microbiota is altered in Crohn's disease and is associated with the disease course
Front Med (Lausanne), 9, 868812
DOI 10.3389/fmed.2022.868812, PubMed 36237548
The Effect of Roux-en-Y Gastric Bypass on Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease Fibrosis Assessed by FIB-4 and NFS Scores-An 11.6-Year Follow-Up Study
J Clin Med, 11 (16)
DOI 10.3390/jcm11164910, PubMed 36013149
Proton Pump Inhibitors and Mortality
Gastroenterology, 164 (6), 1021
DOI 10.1053/j.gastro.2022.10.006, PubMed 36216162
Publications 2021
Gastric Cancers Missed at Upper Endoscopy in Central Norway 2007 to 2016-A Population-Based Study
Cancers (Basel), 13 (22)
DOI 10.3390/cancers13225628, PubMed 34830783
Survival and Disease Recurrence in Patients with Duodenal Neuroendocrine Tumours-A Single Centre Cohort
Cancers (Basel), 13 (16)
DOI 10.3390/cancers13163985, PubMed 34439140
Factors associated with the persistence of oral 5-aminosalicylic acid monotherapy in ulcerative colitis: a nationwide Norwegian cohort study
Therap Adv Gastroenterol, 14, 17562848211021760
DOI 10.1177/17562848211021760, PubMed 34262610
Bacterial Mucosa-associated Microbiome in Inflamed and Proximal Noninflamed Ileum of Patients With Crohn's Disease
Inflamm Bowel Dis, 27 (1), 12-24
DOI 10.1093/ibd/izaa107, PubMed 32448900
Gastritis, Gastric Polyps and Gastric Cancer
Int J Mol Sci, 22 (12)
DOI 10.3390/ijms22126548, PubMed 34207192
Do patients with gastroesophageal reflux disease exhibit compromised bone quality prior to proton pump inhibitor therapy?
Bone Rep, 14, 101095
DOI 10.1016/j.bonr.2021.101095, PubMed 34095362
Publications 2020
Survival and disease recurrence in patients operated for small intestinal neuroendocrine tumors at a referral hospital
Surg Oncol, 35, 336-343
DOI 10.1016/j.suronc.2020.09.015, PubMed 32979699
Hypergastrinemia is associated with an increased risk of gastric adenocarcinoma with proximal location: A prospective population-based nested case-control study
Int J Cancer, 148 (8), 1879-1886
DOI 10.1002/ijc.33354, PubMed 33091962
Gastric Corpus Mucosal Hyperplasia and Neuroendocrine Cell Hyperplasia, but not Spasmolytic Polypeptide-Expressing Metaplasia, Is Prevented by a Gastrin Receptor Antagonist in H+/K+ATPase Beta Subunit Knockout Mice
Int J Mol Sci, 21 (3)
DOI 10.3390/ijms21030927, PubMed 32023822
Publications 2019
Hepatic micrometastases outside macrometastases are present in all patients with ileal neuroendocrine primary tumour at the time of liver resection
Scand J Gastroenterol, 54 (8), 1003-1007
DOI 10.1080/00365521.2019.1647281, PubMed 31368380
Adverse Effects of Proton Pump Inhibitors-Evidence and Plausibility
Int J Mol Sci, 20 (20)
DOI 10.3390/ijms20205203, PubMed 31640115
The Phylogeny and Biological Function of Gastric Juice-Microbiological Consequences of Removing Gastric Acid
Int J Mol Sci, 20 (23)
DOI 10.3390/ijms20236031, PubMed 31795477
Editorial: mesalamine and mucosal microbiome in quiescent ulcerative colitis-what can we learn? Authors' reply
Aliment Pharmacol Ther, 49 (12), 1532
DOI 10.1111/apt.15285, PubMed 31134653
Mucosal 5-aminosalicylic acid concentration, drug formulation and mucosal microbiome in patients with quiescent ulcerative colitis
Aliment Pharmacol Ther, 49 (10), 1301-1313
DOI 10.1111/apt.15227, PubMed 30895635
Role of Autoimmune Gastritis in Gastric Cancer
Clin Transl Gastroenterol, 10 (9), e00080
DOI 10.14309/ctg.0000000000000080, PubMed 31517647
Publications 2018
Types of Gastric Carcinomas
Int J Mol Sci, 19 (12)
DOI 10.3390/ijms19124109, PubMed 30567376
Proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) may cause gastric cancer - clinical consequences
Scand J Gastroenterol, 53 (6), 639-642
DOI 10.1080/00365521.2018.1450442, PubMed 29852782
Not only stem cells, but also mature cells, particularly neuroendocrine cells, may develop into tumours: time for a paradigm shift
Therap Adv Gastroenterol, 11, 1756284818775054
DOI 10.1177/1756284818775054, PubMed 29872453
Publications 2017
Expression of the Cholecystokinin-B Receptor in Neoplastic Gastric Cells
Horm Cancer, 9 (1), 40-54
DOI 10.1007/s12672-017-0311-8, PubMed 28980157
The cytoprotective protein clusterin is overexpressed in hypergastrinemic rodent models of oxyntic preneoplasia and promotes gastric cancer cell survival
PLoS One, 12 (9), e0184514
DOI 10.1371/journal.pone.0184514, PubMed 28902909
Proton pump inhibitors and gastric cancer: a long expected side effect finally reported also in man
Gut, 67 (1), 199-200
DOI 10.1136/gutjnl-2017-315629, PubMed 29158236
Publications 2016
Netazepide, a gastrin/cholecystokinin-2 receptor antagonist, can eradicate gastric neuroendocrine tumours in patients with autoimmune chronic atrophic gastritis
Br J Clin Pharmacol, 83 (3), 466-475
DOI 10.1111/bcp.13146, PubMed 27704617
ECL-cell carcinoids and carcinoma in patients homozygous for an inactivating mutation in the gastric H(+) K(+) ATPase alpha subunit
APMIS, 124 (7), 561-6
DOI 10.1111/apm.12546, PubMed 27150581
PAI-1 deficiency increases the trophic effects of hypergastrinemia in the gastric corpus mucosa
Peptides, 79, 83-94
DOI 10.1016/j.peptides.2016.03.016, PubMed 27038741
Adverse Effects of Proton Pump Inhibitors in Chronic Kidney Disease
JAMA Intern Med, 176 (6), 868
DOI 10.1001/jamainternmed.2016.1857, PubMed 27273497
Follow-up of patients with ECL cell-derived tumours
Scand J Gastroenterol, 51 (11), 1398-405
DOI 10.3109/00365521.2016.1169588, PubMed 27309188
The gastrin receptor antagonist netazepide (YF476) in patients with type 1 gastric enterochromaffin-like cell neuroendocrine tumours: review of long-term treatment
Eur J Gastroenterol Hepatol, 28 (11), 1345-1352
DOI 10.1097/MEG.0000000000000713, PubMed 27682220
Does long-term profound inhibition of gastric acid secretion increase the risk of ECL cell-derived tumors in man?
Scand J Gastroenterol, 51 (7), 767-73
DOI 10.3109/00365521.2016.1143527, PubMed 26872579
Impaired skeletal health in patients with chronic atrophic gastritis
Scand J Gastroenterol, 51 (7), 774-81
DOI 10.3109/00365521.2016.1141317, PubMed 26854332
Skeletal effects of a gastrin receptor antagonist in H+/K+ATPase beta subunit KO mice
J Endocrinol, 230 (2), 251-62
DOI 10.1530/JOE-16-0017, PubMed 27325243
Effects of the Histamine 1 Receptor Antagonist Cetirizine on the Osteoporotic Phenotype in H(+) /K(+) ATPase Beta Subunit KO Mice
J Cell Biochem, 117 (9), 2089-96
DOI 10.1002/jcb.25514, PubMed 26869358
Publications 2015
Randomized clinical trial of topical tranexamic acid after reduction mammoplasty
Br J Surg, 102 (11), 1348-53
DOI 10.1002/bjs.9878, PubMed 26349843
Hypergastrinemia is associated with adenocarcinomas in the gastric corpus and shorter patient survival
APMIS, 123 (6), 509-14
DOI 10.1111/apm.12380, PubMed 25939315
Fecal calprotectin in patients with suspected small bowel disease--a selection tool for small bowel capsule endoscopy?
Scand J Gastroenterol, 50 (3), 272-7
DOI 10.3109/00365521.2014.1003395, PubMed 25591948
Letter: proton pump inhibitors, hypergastrinaemia and the risk of gastric neoplasia
Aliment Pharmacol Ther, 42 (3), 389
DOI 10.1111/apt.13282, PubMed 26147114
Upper gastrointestinal physiology and diseases
Scand J Gastroenterol, 50 (6), 649-56
DOI 10.3109/00365521.2015.1009157, PubMed 25857514
Publications 2014
Cytomegalovirus infection and postoperative complications in patients with ulcerative colitis undergoing colectomy
Scand J Gastroenterol, 49 (7), 845-52
DOI 10.3109/00365521.2014.929172, PubMed 24947587
The gastric mucosa 25 years after proximal gastric vagotomy
Scand J Gastroenterol, 49 (10), 1173-80
DOI 10.3109/00365521.2014.950979, PubMed 25157752
Gastrin May Mediate the Carcinogenic Effect of Helicobacter pylori Infection of the Stomach
Dig Dis Sci, 60 (6), 1522-7
DOI 10.1007/s10620-014-3468-9, PubMed 25480404
Hallmarks of gastrointestinal neuroendocrine tumours: implications for treatment
Endocr Relat Cancer, 21 (6), R445-60
DOI 10.1530/ERC-14-0106, PubMed 25296914
Publications 2013
[Who should perform endoscopies?]
Tidsskr Nor Laegeforen, 133 (11), 1171
DOI 10.4045/tidsskr.13.0625, PubMed 23759774
Symptomatic primary (Al) amyloidosis of the stomach and duodenum
Case Rep Gastrointest Med, 2013, 525439
DOI 10.1155/2013/525439, PubMed 23533841
The effects of unilateral truncal vagotomy on gastric carcinogenesis in hypergastrinemic Japanese female cotton rats
Regul Pept, 184, 62-7
DOI 10.1016/j.regpep.2013.03.006, PubMed 23499800
The distressing overuse of gastric acid inhibitors
Dig Dis Sci, 58 (3), 600-1
DOI 10.1007/s10620-012-2532-6, PubMed 23306853
Development of diffuse carcinomas in the gastric corpus in patients with rugal hyperplastic gastritis
Int J Cancer, 133 (9), 2260
DOI 10.1002/ijc.28227, PubMed 23613381
Immunohistochemical evidence for an impairment of autophagy in tumorigenesis of gastric carcinoids and adenocarcinomas in rodent models and patients
Histol Histopathol, 28 (4), 531-42
DOI 10.14670/HH-28.531, PubMed 23389729
The regulation of gastric acid secretion - clinical perspectives
Acta Physiol (Oxf), 210 (2), 239-56
DOI 10.1111/apha.12208, PubMed 24279703
Serotonin in blood: assessment of its origin by concomitant determination of β-thromboglobulin (platelets) and chromogranin A (enterochromaffin cells)
Scand J Clin Lab Invest, 73 (2), 148-53
DOI 10.3109/00365513.2012.756121, PubMed 23327100
Publications 2012
Gastric carcinomas localized to the cardia
Gastroenterol Res Pract, 2012, 457831
DOI 10.1155/2012/457831, PubMed 22474435
Regulated endocrine-specific protein 18 (RESP18) is localized to and regulated in A-like cells and G-cells in rat stomach
Regul Pept, 177 (1-3), 53-9
DOI 10.1016/j.regpep.2012.04.008, PubMed 22561140
Decreased bone mineral density and reduced bone quality in H(+) /K(+) ATPase beta-subunit deficient mice
J Cell Biochem, 113 (1), 141-7
DOI 10.1002/jcb.23337, PubMed 21882222
Treatment of gastric carcinoids type 1 with the gastrin receptor antagonist netazepide (YF476) results in regression of tumours and normalisation of serum chromogranin A
Aliment Pharmacol Ther, 36 (11-12), 1067-75
DOI 10.1111/apt.12090, PubMed 23072686
Gastric carcinoids after long-term use of a proton pump inhibitor
Aliment Pharmacol Ther, 36 (7), 644-9
DOI 10.1111/apt.12012, PubMed 22861200
Clinical experience with infliximab and adalimumab in a single-center cohort of patients with Crohn's disease
Scand J Gastroenterol, 47 (6), 649-57
DOI 10.3109/00365521.2012.672591, PubMed 22472026
Withdrawing PPI therapy: response to Metz et al
Am J Gastroenterol, 107 (2), 325-6; author reply 326
DOI 10.1038/ajg.2011.391, PubMed 22306953
Publications 2011
Parietal cell activation by arborization of ECL cell cytoplasmic projections is likely the mechanism for histamine induced secretion of hydrochloric acid
Scand J Gastroenterol, 46 (5), 531-7
DOI 10.3109/00365521.2011.558113, PubMed 21342027
Gastric neuroendocrine carcinoma after long-term use of proton pump inhibitor
Scand J Gastroenterol, 47 (1), 64-7
DOI 10.3109/00365521.2011.627444, PubMed 22087794
Skeletal effects of the saturated 3-thia Fatty Acid tetradecylthioacetic Acid in rats
PPAR Res, 2011, 436358
DOI 10.1155/2011/436358, PubMed 22190907
The peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR) alpha agonist fenofibrate maintains bone mass, while the PPAR gamma agonist pioglitazone exaggerates bone loss, in ovariectomized rats
BMC Endocr Disord, 11, 11
DOI 10.1186/1472-6823-11-11, PubMed 21615901
Publications 2010
Long-term gastric changes in achlorhydric H(+)/K(+)-ATPase beta subunit deficient mice
Scand J Gastroenterol, 45 (9), 1042-7
DOI 10.3109/00365521.2010.490952, PubMed 20476858
Animal models to study the role of long-term hypergastrinemia in gastric carcinogenesis
J Biomed Biotechnol, 2011, 975479
DOI 10.1155/2011/975479, PubMed 21127707
Five-year follow-up of patients treated for 1 year with octreotide long-acting release for enterochromaffin-like cell carcinoids
Scand J Gastroenterol, 46 (4), 456-63
DOI 10.3109/00365521.2010.539255, PubMed 21133821
A meal test improves the specificity of chromogranin A as a marker of neuroendocrine neoplasia
Tumour Biol, 31 (5), 373-80
DOI 10.1007/s13277-010-0045-5, PubMed 20480408
Neuroendocrine cells in diffuse gastric carcinomas: an ultrastructural study with immunogold labeling of chromogranin A
Appl Immunohistochem Mol Morphol, 18 (1), 62-8
DOI 10.1097/PAI.0b013e3181b70594, PubMed 19713831
Rebound acid hypersecretion from a physiological, pathophysiological and clinical viewpoint
Scand J Gastroenterol, 45 (4), 389-94
DOI 10.3109/00365520903477348, PubMed 20001749
Publications 2009
Effect of antrectomy in hypergastrinaemic female Japanese cotton rats
Scand J Gastroenterol, 44 (1), 32-9
DOI 10.1080/00365520802308011, PubMed 19037819
Interactions between gastric acid secretagogues and the localization of the gastrin receptor
Scand J Gastroenterol, 44 (4), 390-3
DOI 10.1080/00365520802624219, PubMed 19089789
Publications 2008
Serum gastrin and chromogranin A levels in patients with fundic gland polyps caused by long-term proton-pump inhibition
Scand J Gastroenterol, 43 (1), 20-4
DOI 10.1080/00365520701561959, PubMed 18938772
Gastric cancer: animal studies on the risk of hypoacidity and hypergastrinemia
World J Gastroenterol, 14 (11), 1646-51
DOI 10.3748/wjg.14.1646, PubMed 18350594
Changes in gene expression of gastric mucosa during therapeutic acid inhibition
Eur J Gastroenterol Hepatol, 20 (7), 613-23
DOI 10.1097/MEG.0b013e3282f5dc19, PubMed 18679062
Classification of tumours
J Exp Clin Cancer Res, 27 (1), 70
DOI 10.1186/1756-9966-27-70, PubMed 19014574
Publications 2007
Morphology of g cells in hypergastrinemic cotton rats
Scand. J. Lab. Anim. Sci., 34 (3), 173-183
pH 4.0
Scand J Gastroenterol, 42 (3), 297-8
DOI 10.1080/00365520600887828, PubMed 17354107
Rebound acid hypersecretion
Aliment Pharmacol Ther, 25 (8), 999-1000; author reply 1000
DOI 10.1111/j.1365-2036.2007.03263.x, PubMed 17403004
Publications 2005
Signet ring cells in gastric carcinomas are derived from neuroendocrine cells
J Histochem Cytochem, 54 (6), 615-21
DOI 10.1369/jhc.5A6806.2005, PubMed 16344325
Rebound acid hypersecretion after long-term inhibition of gastric acid secretion
Aliment Pharmacol Ther, 21 (2), 149-54
DOI 10.1111/j.1365-2036.2004.02271.x, PubMed 15679764
Ultrastructure and chromogranin A immunogold labelling of ECL cell carcinoids
APMIS, 113 (7-8), 506-12
DOI 10.1111/j.1600-0463.2005.apm_147.x, PubMed 16086820
Dedifferentiation of enterochromaffin-like cells in gastric cancer of hypergastrinemic cotton rats
APMIS, 113 (6), 436-49
DOI 10.1111/j.1600-0463.2005.apm_134.x, PubMed 15996161
Long-term serotonin administration induces heart valve disease in rats
Circulation, 111 (12), 1517-22
DOI 10.1161/01.CIR.0000159356.42064.48, PubMed 15781732
Experimental Helicobacter pylori infection induces antral-predominant, chronic active gastritis in hispid cotton rats (Sigmodon hispidus)
Helicobacter, 10 (4), 332-44
DOI 10.1111/j.1523-5378.2005.00320.x, PubMed 16104950
Molecular characterization of rat gastric mucosal response to potent acid inhibition
Physiol Genomics, 22 (1), 24-32
DOI 10.1152/physiolgenomics.00245.2004, PubMed 15827235
Idiopathic gastric acid hypersecretion
Eur J Gastroenterol Hepatol, 17 (12), 1433
DOI 10.1097/00042737-200512000-00028, PubMed 16292103
The Japanese cotton rat develops spontaneously an ECL cell derived gastric carcinoma
PROCEEDINGS OF THE 6TH INTERNATIONAL GASTRIC CANCER CONGRESS, 317-322
Antiulcer drugs and gastric cancer
Dig Dis Sci, 50 Suppl 1, S39-44
DOI 10.1007/s10620-005-2805-4, PubMed 16184420
Publications 2004
Hypergastrinaemia induced by partial corpectomy results in development of enterochromaffin-like cell carcinoma in male Japanese cotton rats
Scand J Gastroenterol, 39 (10), 919-26
DOI 10.1080/00365520410003281, PubMed 15513328
ECL-cell derived gastric cancer in male cotton rats dosed with the H2-blocker loxtidine
Cancer Res, 64 (10), 3687-93
DOI 10.1158/0008-5472.CAN-03-3647, PubMed 15150129
Spontaneous enterochromaffin-like cell carcinomas in cotton rats (Sigmodon hispidus) are prevented by a somatostatin analogue
Endocr Relat Cancer, 11 (1), 149-60
DOI 10.1677/erc.0.0110149, PubMed 15027892
Hypergastrinemia in animals and man: causes and consequences
Scand J Gastroenterol, 39 (6), 505-9
DOI 10.1080/00365520410005072, PubMed 15223671
Publications 2003
Spontaneous ECL cell carcinomas in cotton rats: natural course and prevention by a gastrin receptor antagonist
Carcinogenesis, 24 (12), 1887-96
DOI 10.1093/carcin/bgg156, PubMed 12949047
Publications 1994
[Malaria in Norway--a tropical disease off the track?]
Tidsskr Nor Laegeforen, 114 (30), 3643-5
PubMed 7825149