Else Marit Inderberg

  • Senior Scientist; PhD
  • +47 22 78 23 17

Group leader  & Head of Immunomonitoring

Education:

2008-2011: PhD in Tumour Immunology (Faculty of Medicine,University of Oslo, Norway) “Cancer vaccines and cancer-specific T-cell receptors; Development of novel immunotherapies”

2002-2005 : Diplôme EPHE Immunology (L’Ecole Pratique des Hautes Etudes, Sorbonne, Paris, France) «Development of an inducible melanoma model expressing a defined tumour antigen and its immunological characterisation »

1996-1998: BSc (Honours) Biochemistry University of Reading, UK

Research interests/projects:

Immunomonitoring facility for verification of treatment effects and mechanisms as well as biomarker discovery and development of novel immunotherapies

    • Detection of immune responses in patient samples pre- and post immunotherapy treatment.
    • Detection and discovery of immunotherapy biomarkers
    • Therapeutic TCR discovery and pre-clinical validation
    • Chimeric Antigen Receptors (CAR) discovery and pre-clinical validation
    • Discovery and pre-clinical validation of vaccination targets
    • Development of novel technologies to improve cell-based therapy

Work experience

2013-present:             Head of Immunomonitoring and Postdoctoral Fellow, Dept. of Cellular Therapy, OUS-Radiumhospitalet, Oslo, Norway          

2011-2012:      Research Fellow,  Institute for Cancer Research, OUS- Radiumhospitalet, Norway

2008-2011:      PhD student, Section for Immunotherapy, Institute for Cancer Research, OUS- Radiumhospitalet, Norway

2005-2008:    Research assistant, Dept. of Immunology, Institute for Cancer Research, OUS-Radiumhospitalet, Oslo, Norway

2002- 2005:     Research assistant, Centre of Immunology Marseille-Luminy, France

2001- 2002:     Research assistant, Institute for Cancer Research, Radiumhospitalet, Norway

1999- 2001:     Research Assistant/Laboratory manager   Dept. of Immunology, Rayne Institute, King’s College School of Medicine, London, UK 

Awards

  • F1000Research prize 2015 for outstanding presentation at PIVAC‐15 conference
  • Inven2 Innovation award 2014: "A universal killer-T cell for personalized medicine"
 

Publications 2024

Casey NP, Kleinmanns K, Forcados C, Gelebart PF, Joaquina S, Lode M, Benard E, Kaveh F, Caulier B, Helgestad Gjerde C, García de Jalón E, Warren DJ, Lindemann K, Rokkones E, Davidson B, Myhre MR, Kvalheim G, Bjørge L, McCormack E, Inderberg EM, Wälchli S (2024)
Efficient CAR T cell targeting of the CA125 extracellular repeat domain of MUC16
J Immunother Cancer, 12 (4)
DOI 10.1136/jitc-2023-008179, PubMed 38604812

Maggadottir SM, Dueland S, Mensali N, Hamre H, Andresen PA, Myhre MR, Juul HV, Bigalke I, Lundby M, Hønnåshagen TK, Sæbøe-Larssen S, Josefsen D, Hagtvedt T, Wälchli S, Kvalheim G, Inderberg EM (2024)
Transient TCR-based T-cell therapy in a patient with advanced treatment-resistant MSI-high colorectal cancer
Mol Ther (in press)
DOI 10.1016/j.ymthe.2024.04.009, PubMed 38582964

Publications 2023

Casey NP, Klee CH, Fåne A, Caulier B, Graczyk-Jarzynka A, Krawczyk M, Fidyt K, Josefsson SE, Köksal H, Dillard P, Patkowska E, Firczuk M, Smeland EB, Winiarska M, Myklebust JH, Inderberg EM, Wälchli S (2023)
Efficient chimeric antigen receptor targeting of a central epitope of CD22
J Biol Chem, 299 (7), 104883
DOI 10.1016/j.jbc.2023.104883, PubMed 37269947

Fløisand Y, Remberger M, Bigalke I, Josefsen D, Vålerhaugen H, Inderberg EM, Olaussen RW, Gjertsen BT, Goedkoop R, Geiger C, Prinz PU, Schnorfeil FM, Pinkernell K, Schendel DJ, Kvalheim G (2023)
WT1 and PRAME RNA-loaded dendritic cell vaccine as maintenance therapy in de novo AML after intensive induction chemotherapy
Leukemia, 37 (9), 1842-1849
DOI 10.1038/s41375-023-01980-3, PubMed 37507426

Joaquina S, Forcados C, Caulier B, Inderberg EM, Wälchli S (2023)
Determination of CAR T cell metabolism in an optimized protocol
Front Bioeng Biotechnol, 11, 1207576
DOI 10.3389/fbioe.2023.1207576, PubMed 37409169

Klee CH, Villatoro A, Casey NP, Inderberg EM, Wälchli S (2023)
In vitro re-challenge of CAR T cells
Methods Cell Biol, 183, 335-353
DOI 10.1016/bs.mcb.2023.06.003, PubMed 38548418

Lilleby W, Seierstad T, Inderberg EM, Hole KH (2023)
Impact of human telomerase reverse transcriptase peptide vaccine combined with androgen deprivation therapy and radiotherapy in de novo metastatic prostate cancer: Long-term clinical monitoring
Int J Cancer, 152 (10), 2166-2173
DOI 10.1002/ijc.34448, PubMed 36715014

Mensali N, Köksal H, Joaquina S, Wernhoff P, Casey NP, Romecin P, Panisello C, Rodriguez R, Vimeux L, Juzeniene A, Myhre MR, Fåne A, Ramírez CC, Maggadottir SM, Duru AD, Georgoudaki AM, Grad I, Maturana AD, Gaudernack G, Kvalheim G, Carcaboso AM, de Alava E, Donnadieu E, Bruland ØS, Menendez P et al. (2023)
ALPL-1 is a target for chimeric antigen receptor therapy in osteosarcoma
Nat Commun, 14 (1), 3375
DOI 10.1038/s41467-023-39097-x, PubMed 37291203

Publications 2022

Ellingsen EB, Bounova G, Kerzeli I, Anzar I, Simnica D, Aamdal E, Guren T, Clancy T, Mezheyeuski A, Inderberg EM, Mangsbo SM, Binder M, Hovig E, Gaudernack G (2022)
Characterization of the T cell receptor repertoire and melanoma tumor microenvironment upon combined treatment with ipilimumab and hTERT vaccination
J Transl Med, 20 (1), 419
DOI 10.1186/s12967-022-03624-z, PubMed 36089578

Ellingsen EB, Aamdal E, Guren T, Lilleby W, Brunsvig PF, Mangsbo SM, Aamdal S, Hovig E, Mensali N, Gaudernack G, Inderberg EM (2022)
Durable and dynamic hTERT immune responses following vaccination with the long-peptide cancer vaccine UV1: long-term follow-up of three phase I clinical trials
J Immunother Cancer, 10 (5)
DOI 10.1136/jitc-2021-004345, PubMed 35613827

Høye E, Dagenborg VJ, Torgunrud A, Lund-Andersen C, Fretland ÅA, Lorenz S, Edwin B, Hovig E, Fromm B, Inderberg EM, Greiff V, Ree AH, Flatmark K (2022)
T cell receptor repertoire sequencing reveals chemotherapy-driven clonal expansion in colorectal liver metastases
Gigascience, 12
DOI 10.1093/gigascience/giad032, PubMed 37161965

Maggadóttir SM, Kvalheim G, Wernhoff P, Sæbøe-Larssen S, Revheim ME, Josefsen D, Wälchli S, Helland Å, Inderberg EM (2022)
A phase I/II escalation trial design T-RAD: Treatment of metastatic lung cancer with mRNA-engineered T cells expressing a T cell receptor targeting human telomerase reverse transcriptase (hTERT)
Front Oncol, 12, 1031232
DOI 10.3389/fonc.2022.1031232, PubMed 36439452

Mensali N, Inderberg EM (2022)
Emerging Biomarkers for Immunotherapy in Glioblastoma
Cancers (Basel), 14 (8)
DOI 10.3390/cancers14081940, PubMed 35454848

Publications 2021

Bousquet PA, Meltzer S, Fuglestad AJ, Lüders T, Esbensen Y, Juul HV, Johansen C, Lyckander LG, Bjørnetrø T, Inderberg EM, Kersten C, Redalen KR, Ree AH (2021)
The mitochondrial DNA constitution shaping T-cell immunity in patients with rectal cancer at high risk of metastatic progression
Clin Transl Oncol, 24 (6), 1157-1167
DOI 10.1007/s12094-021-02756-w, PubMed 34961902

Dillard P, Casey N, Pollmann S, Vernhoff P, Gaudernack G, Kvalheim G, Wälchli S, Inderberg EM (2021)
Targeting KRAS mutations with HLA class II-restricted TCRs for the treatment of solid tumors
Oncoimmunology, 10 (1), 1936757
DOI 10.1080/2162402X.2021.1936757, PubMed 34235003

Flatmark K, Torgunrud A, Fleten KG, Davidson B, Juul HV, Mensali N, Lund-Andersen C, Inderberg EM (2021)
Peptide vaccine targeting mutated GNAS: a potential novel treatment for pseudomyxoma peritonei
J Immunother Cancer, 9 (10)
DOI 10.1136/jitc-2021-003109, PubMed 34711663

Fåne A, Myhre MR, Inderberg EM, Wälchli S (2021)
In vivo experimental mouse model to test CD19CAR T cells generated with different methods
Methods Cell Biol, 167, 149-161
DOI 10.1016/bs.mcb.2021.11.001, PubMed 35152992

Guldvik IJ, Ekseth L, Kishan AU, Stensvold A, Inderberg EM, Lilleby W (2021)
Circulating Tumor Cell Persistence Associates with Long-Term Clinical Outcome to a Therapeutic Cancer Vaccine in Prostate Cancer
J Pers Med, 11 (7)
DOI 10.3390/jpm11070605, PubMed 34206815

Mensali N, Dillard P, Fayzullin A, Köksal H, Gaudernack G, Kvalheim G, Inderberg EM, Wälchli S (2021)
"Built-in" PD-1 blocker to rescue NK-92 activity from PD-L1-mediated tumor escape mechanisms
FASEB J, 35 (9), e21750
DOI 10.1096/fj.202100025R, PubMed 34424568

Tryggestad AMA, Axcrona K, Axcrona U, Bigalke I, Brennhovd B, Inderberg EM, Hønnåshagen TK, Skoge LJ, Solum G, Saebøe-Larssen S, Josefsen D, Olaussen RW, Aamdal S, Skotheim RI, Myklebust TÅ, Schendel DJ, Lilleby W, Dueland S, Kvalheim G (2021)
Long-term first-in-man Phase I/II study of an adjuvant dendritic cell vaccine in patients with high-risk prostate cancer after radical prostatectomy
Prostate, 82 (2), 245-253
DOI 10.1002/pros.24267, PubMed 34762317

Aamdal E, Inderberg EM, Ellingsen EB, Rasch W, Brunsvig PF, Aamdal S, Heintz KM, Vodák D, Nakken S, Hovig E, Nyakas M, Guren TK, Gaudernack G (2021)
Combining a Universal Telomerase Based Cancer Vaccine With Ipilimumab in Patients With Metastatic Melanoma - Five-Year Follow Up of a Phase I/IIa Trial
Front Immunol, 12, 663865
DOI 10.3389/fimmu.2021.663865, PubMed 34046035

Publications 2020

Benard E, Casey NP, Inderberg EM, Wälchli S (2020)
SJI 2020 special issue: A catalogue of Ovarian Cancer targets for CAR therapy
Scand J Immunol, 92 (4), e12917
DOI 10.1111/sji.12917, PubMed 32557659

Brunsvig PF, Guren TK, Nyakas M, Steinfeldt-Reisse CH, Rasch W, Kyte JA, Juul HV, Aamdal S, Gaudernack G, Inderberg EM (2020)
Long-Term Outcomes of a Phase I Study With UV1, a Second Generation Telomerase Based Vaccine, in Patients With Advanced Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer
Front Immunol, 11, 572172
DOI 10.3389/fimmu.2020.572172, PubMed 33324397

Dillard P, Köksal H, Maggadottir SM, Winge-Main A, Pollmann S, Menard M, Myhre MR, Mælandsmo GM, Flørenes VA, Gaudernack G, Kvalheim G, Wälchli S, Inderberg EM (2020)
Targeting Telomerase with an HLA Class II-Restricted TCR for Cancer Immunotherapy
Mol Ther, 29 (3), 1199-1213
DOI 10.1016/j.ymthe.2020.11.019, PubMed 33212301

Dillard P, Lie M, Baken E, Lobert VH, Benard E, Köksal H, Inderberg EM, Wälchli S (2020)
Colorectal cysts as a validating tool for CAR therapy
BMC Biotechnol, 20 (1), 30
DOI 10.1186/s12896-020-00623-0, PubMed 32487146

Inderberg EM, Wälchli S (2020)
Long-term surviving cancer patients as a source of therapeutic TCR
Cancer Immunol Immunother, 69 (5), 859-865
DOI 10.1007/s00262-019-02468-9, PubMed 31915853

Inderberg EM, Wälchli S (2020)
Sympathetic improvement of cancer vaccine efficacy
Hum Vaccin Immunother, 16 (8), 1888-1890
DOI 10.1080/21645515.2019.1703456, PubMed 31977269

Köksal H, Dillard P, Juzeniene A, Kvalheim G, Smeland EB, Myklebust JH, Inderberg EM, Wälchli S (2020)
Combinatorial CAR design improves target restriction
J Biol Chem, 296, 100116
DOI 10.1074/jbc.RA120.016234, PubMed 33234592

Mensali N, Myhre MR, Dillard P, Pollmann S, Gaudernack G, Kvalheim G, Wälchli S, Inderberg EM (2020)
Correction to: Preclinical assessment of transiently TCR redirected T cells for solid tumour immunotherapy
Cancer Immunol Immunother, 69 (1), 159-161
DOI 10.1007/s00262-019-02409-6, PubMed 31776597

Weum Abrahamsen I, Grønvold BC, Inderberg EM, Mensali N, Mattsson J, Gedde-Dahl T (2020)
Posttransplantation Lymphoproliferative Disease Treated by Retransplantation
Case Reports Immunol, 2020, 9403123
DOI 10.1155/2020/9403123, PubMed 32158568

Winge-Main AK, Wälchli S, Inderberg EM (2020)
T cell receptor therapy against melanoma-Immunotherapy for the future?
Scand J Immunol, 92 (4), e12927
DOI 10.1111/sji.12927, PubMed 32640053

Publications 2019

Andersson Y, Inderberg EM, Kvalheim G, Herud TM, Engebraaten O, Flatmark K, Dueland S, Fodstad Ø (2019)
Immune stimulatory effect of anti-EpCAM immunotoxin - improved overall survival of metastatic colorectal cancer patients
Acta Oncol, 59 (4), 404-409
DOI 10.1080/0284186X.2019.1704864, PubMed 31876430

Köksal H, Baken E, Warren DJ, Løset GÅ, Inderberg EM, Wälchli S (2019)
Chimeric antigen receptor preparation from hybridoma to T-cell expression
Antib Ther, 2 (2), 56-63
DOI 10.1093/abt/tbz007, PubMed 33928223

Köksal H, Dillard P, Josefsson SE, Maggadottir SM, Pollmann S, Fåne A, Blaker YN, Beiske K, Huse K, Kolstad A, Holte H, Kvalheim G, Smeland EB, Myklebust JH, Inderberg EM, Wälchli S (2019)
Preclinical development of CD37CAR T-cell therapy for treatment of B-cell lymphoma
Blood Adv, 3 (8), 1230-1243
DOI 10.1182/bloodadvances.2018029678, PubMed 30979721

Köksal H, Müller E, Inderberg EM, Bruland Ø, Wälchli S (2019)
Treating osteosarcoma with CAR T cells
Scand J Immunol, 89 (3), e12741
DOI 10.1111/sji.12741, PubMed 30549299

Mensali N, Dillard P, Hebeisen M, Lorenz S, Theodossiou T, Myhre MR, Fåne A, Gaudernack G, Kvalheim G, Myklebust JH, Inderberg EM, Wälchli S (2019)
NK cells specifically TCR-dressed to kill cancer cells
EBioMedicine, 40, 106-117
DOI 10.1016/j.ebiom.2019.01.031, PubMed 30665853

Mensali N, Grenov A, Pati NB, Dillard P, Myhre MR, Gaudernack G, Kvalheim G, Inderberg EM, Bakke O, Wälchli S (2019)
Antigen-delivery through invariant chain (CD74) boosts CD8 and CD4 T cell immunity
Oncoimmunology, 8 (3), 1558663
DOI 10.1080/2162402X.2018.1558663, PubMed 30723591

Mensali N, Myhre MR, Dillard P, Pollmann S, Gaudernack G, Kvalheim G, Wälchli S, Inderberg EM (2019)
Preclinical assessment of transiently TCR redirected T cells for solid tumour immunotherapy
Cancer Immunol Immunother, 68 (8), 1235-1243
DOI 10.1007/s00262-019-02356-2, PubMed 31214732

Theodossiou TA, Ali M, Grigalavicius M, Grallert B, Dillard P, Schink KO, Olsen CE, Wälchli S, Inderberg EM, Kubin A, Peng Q, Berg K (2019)
Simultaneous defeat of MCF7 and MDA-MB-231 resistances by a hypericin PDT-tamoxifen hybrid therapy
NPJ Breast Cancer, 5, 13
DOI 10.1038/s41523-019-0108-8, PubMed 30993194

Publications 2018

Dillard P, Köksal H, Inderberg EM, Wälchli S (2018)
A Spheroid Killing Assay by CAR T Cells
J Vis Exp (142)
DOI 10.3791/58785, PubMed 30596389

Våtsveen TK, Myhre MR, Steen CB, Wälchli S, Lingjærde OC, Bai B, Dillard P, Theodossiou TA, Holien T, Sundan A, Inderberg EM, Smeland EB, Myklebust JH, Oksvold MP (2018)
Artesunate shows potent anti-tumor activity in B-cell lymphoma
J Hematol Oncol, 11 (1), 23
DOI 10.1186/s13045-018-0561-0, PubMed 29458389

Publications 2017

Inderberg EM, Mensali N, Oksvold MP, Fallang LE, Fåne A, Skorstad G, Stenvik GE, Progida C, Bakke O, Kvalheim G, Myklebust JH, Wälchli S (2017)
Human c-SRC kinase (CSK) overexpression makes T cells dummy
Cancer Immunol Immunother, 67 (4), 525-536
DOI 10.1007/s00262-017-2105-9, PubMed 29248956

Inderberg EM, Wälchli S, Myhre MR, Trachsel S, Almåsbak H, Kvalheim G, Gaudernack G (2017)
T cell therapy targeting a public neoantigen in microsatellite instable colon cancer reduces in vivo tumor growth
Oncoimmunology, 6 (4), e1302631
DOI 10.1080/2162402X.2017.1302631, PubMed 28507809

Josefsson SE, Huse K, Kolstad A, Beiske K, Pende D, Steen CB, Inderberg EM, Lingjærde OC, Østenstad B, Smeland EB, Levy R, Irish JM, Myklebust JH (2017)
T Cells Expressing Checkpoint Receptor TIGIT Are Enriched in Follicular Lymphoma Tumors and Characterized by Reversible Suppression of T-cell Receptor Signaling
Clin Cancer Res, 24 (4), 870-881
DOI 10.1158/1078-0432.CCR-17-2337, PubMed 29217528

Lilleby W, Gaudernack G, Brunsvig PF, Vlatkovic L, Schulz M, Mills K, Hole KH, Inderberg EM (2017)
Phase I/IIa clinical trial of a novel hTERT peptide vaccine in men with metastatic hormone-naive prostate cancer
Cancer Immunol Immunother, 66 (7), 891-901
DOI 10.1007/s00262-017-1994-y, PubMed 28391357

Walseng E, Köksal H, Sektioglu IM, Fåne A, Skorstad G, Kvalheim G, Gaudernack G, Inderberg EM, Wälchli S (2017)
A TCR-based Chimeric Antigen Receptor
Sci Rep, 7 (1), 10713
DOI 10.1038/s41598-017-11126-y, PubMed 28878363

Publications 2016

Kyte JA, Gaudernack G, Faane A, Lislerud K, Inderberg EM, Brunsvig P, Aamdal S, Kvalheim G, Wälchli S, Pule M (2016)
T-helper cell receptors from long-term survivors after telomerase cancer vaccination for use in adoptive cell therapy
Oncoimmunology, 5 (12), e1249090
DOI 10.1080/2162402X.2016.1249090, PubMed 28123886

Kyte JA, Aamdal S, Dueland S, Sæbøe-Larsen S, Inderberg EM, Madsbu UE, Skovlund E, Gaudernack G, Kvalheim G (2016)
Immune response and long-term clinical outcome in advanced melanoma patients vaccinated with tumor-mRNA-transfected dendritic cells
Oncoimmunology, 5 (11), e1232237
DOI 10.1080/2162402X.2016.1232237, PubMed 27999747

Publications 2015

Almåsbak H, Walseng E, Kristian A, Myhre MR, Suso EM, Munthe LA, Andersen JT, Wang MY, Kvalheim G, Gaudernack G, Kyte JA (2015)
Inclusion of an IgG1-Fc spacer abrogates efficacy of CD19 CAR T cells in a xenograft mouse model
Gene Ther, 22 (5), 391-403
DOI 10.1038/gt.2015.4, PubMed 25652098

Publications 2014

Schiavelli R, Bonaventura R, Rial MC, Petrone H, Pujol GS, Gaite LJ, Acosta M, Gutierrez A, Acosta F, Valdez G, Raffaele P, Chanta G, Perez M, Potes L, Suso E, Cremades G, Ibañez J, Imperiali N, Luxardo R, Castellanos M, Maggiora E, Carreño CA, Cobos M, Marinic K, Sinchi JL et al. (2014)
First epidemiologic study in Argentina of the prevalence of BK viruria in kidney transplant patients
Transplant Proc, 46 (9), 3010-4
DOI 10.1016/j.transproceed.2014.07.009, PubMed 25420812

Publications 2013

Vik-Mo EO, Nyakas M, Mikkelsen BV, Moe MC, Due-Tønnesen P, Suso EM, Sæbøe-Larssen S, Sandberg C, Brinchmann JE, Helseth E, Rasmussen AM, Lote K, Aamdal S, Gaudernack G, Kvalheim G, Langmoen IA (2013)
Therapeutic vaccination against autologous cancer stem cells with mRNA-transfected dendritic cells in patients with glioblastoma
Cancer Immunol Immunother, 62 (9), 1499-509
DOI 10.1007/s00262-013-1453-3, PubMed 23817721

Publications 2012

Inderberg-Suso EM, Trachsel S, Lislerud K, Rasmussen AM, Gaudernack G (2012)
Widespread CD4+ T-cell reactivity to novel hTERT epitopes following vaccination of cancer patients with a single hTERT peptide GV1001
Oncoimmunology, 1 (5), 670-686
DOI 10.4161/onci.20426, PubMed 22934259

Publications 2011

Huijbers IJ, Soudja SM, Uyttenhove C, Buferne M, Inderberg-Suso EM, Colau D, Pilotte L, Powis de Tenbossche CG, Chomez P, Brasseur F, Schmitt-Verhulst AM, Van den Eynde BJ (2011)
Minimal tolerance to a tumor antigen encoded by a cancer-germline gene
J Immunol, 188 (1), 111-21
DOI 10.4049/jimmunol.1002612, PubMed 22140254

Suso EM, Dueland S, Rasmussen AM, Vetrhus T, Aamdal S, Kvalheim G, Gaudernack G (2011)
hTERT mRNA dendritic cell vaccination: complete response in a pancreatic cancer patient associated with response against several hTERT epitopes
Cancer Immunol Immunother, 60 (6), 809-18
DOI 10.1007/s00262-011-0991-9, PubMed 21365467

Publications 2007

Shanker A, Verdeil G, Buferne M, Inderberg-Suso EM, Puthier D, Joly F, Nguyen C, Leserman L, Auphan-Anezin N, Schmitt-Verhulst AM (2007)
CD8 T cell help for innate antitumor immunity
J Immunol, 179 (10), 6651-62
DOI 10.4049/jimmunol.179.10.6651, PubMed 17982055

Publications 2006

Huijbers IJ, Krimpenfort P, Chomez P, van der Valk MA, Song JY, Inderberg-Suso EM, Schmitt-Verhulst AM, Berns A, Van den Eynde BJ (2006)
An inducible mouse model of melanoma expressing a defined tumor antigen
Cancer Res, 66 (6), 3278-86
DOI 10.1158/0008-5472.CAN-05-3216, PubMed 16540681

Publications 2003

Noble A, Leggat JA, Inderberg EM (2003)
CD8+ immunoregulatory cells in the graft-versus-host reaction: CD8 T cells activate dendritic cells to secrete interleukin-12/interleukin-18 and induce T helper 1 autoantibody
Immunology, 109 (4), 476-86
DOI 10.1046/j.1365-2567.2003.01687.x, PubMed 12871213

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